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Hole-in-the-Rock: A Window to Phoenix History

Explore a unique red sandstone formation in Phoenix's Papago Park, offering stunning views and a glimpse into ancient Hohokam history.

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Hole-in-the-Rock, a unique geological formation in Phoenix's Papago Park, offers stunning views and a glimpse into the past. This red sandstone butte, marked by large openings or tafoni created by erosion, was historically used by the Hohokam people as a solar calendar. Today, it's a popular spot for hikers and photographers seeking panoramic vistas.

A brief summary to Hole in the Rock

Local tips

  • Visit early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid crowds and experience the best lighting for photography.
  • Wear comfortable shoes suitable for a short hike on a natural, uneven trail.
  • Bring water, especially during warmer months, as there are no water fountains on the trail.
  • Be cautious and stay within designated areas, as some areas are steep and can be dangerous.
  • Combine your visit with other attractions in Papago Park, such as the Phoenix Zoo or the Desert Botanical Garden.
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Getting There

  • Driving

    The Hole-in-the-Rock trailhead is located in Papago Park, with the parking lot situated at 625 N Galvin Pkwy, Phoenix, AZ 85008. Parking is free, but can be busy on weekends. From the parking lot, the hike to Hole-in-the-Rock typically takes 10-15 minutes.

  • Public Transport

    From downtown Phoenix, take the #3 bus towards the Phoenix Zoo. Exit at the Phoenix Zoo stop, which is a short walk from the Hole-in-the-Rock trailhead. A single ride on Valley Metro bus costs $2. Alternatively, take the light rail to the 44th St/Washington station and transfer to the #44 and #17 bus to reach Papago Park, costing around $4 and taking approximately 30 minutes.

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Discover more about Hole in the Rock

Hole-in-the-Rock is a captivating geological formation found within Papago Park in Phoenix, Arizona. This natural landmark is a red sandstone butte featuring large cavities, known as tafoni, formed over millions of years by erosive forces. The most prominent of these openings creates a window-like passage through the rock, offering visitors stunning views of the surrounding park and the Phoenix skyline. Archaeological evidence suggests that the Hohokam people, who inhabited the region centuries ago, utilized Hole-in-the-Rock as a solar calendar. By observing the play of light and shadow through the openings, they tracked the seasons, marking solstices and equinoxes to guide their agricultural practices and ceremonies. The hike to Hole-in-the-Rock is short and relatively easy, making it accessible to visitors of all ages and skill levels. The trail is approximately 0.2 miles in length with a 200-foot elevation gain, with some artificial steps aiding access to the hole. From inside the "cave-like shelter", one can enjoy the views of the lagoons below and the distant downtown skyline. The best times to visit are near sunrise and sunset when the low sun intensifies the red hue of the sandstone. Papago Park itself has a rich history, having served as a Native American reservation, a fish hatchery during the Great Depression, a prisoner of war camp during World War II, and a VA hospital. Today, the park is a recreational area offering hiking, biking, fishing, and access to attractions like the Phoenix Zoo and the Desert Botanical Garden.

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