Upper Buffalo Wilderness, Northwest Arkansas Travel Guide

The Upper Buffalo Wilderness, designated by Congress in 1974, encompasses approximately 12,000 acres within the Ozark-St. Francis National Forest. This protected area serves as the headwaters of the Buffalo National River, safeguarding its pristine water quality and natural beauty.The landscape is defined by steep, forested slopes descending into deep valleys, creating a challenging yet rewarding terrain for exploration. The forest is primarily second and third-growth oak-hickory, with scattered stands of shortleaf pine, remnants of when the Forest Service purchased the land in the 1930s and 40s.What sets the Upper Buffalo Wilderness apart is its sense of remoteness and solitude. The last residents moved out in 1948, leaving behind decaying houses, stone fences, and antiquated farm equipment, offering glimpses into the area's past. While there are no maintained trails, old logging roads and traces provide an informal network for hiking and horseback riding. Hawksbill Crag, also known as Whitaker Point, is a popular destination, accessible via an unmarked but well-defined path and is one of the most photographed spots in Arkansas.The wilderness is home to diverse wildlife, including white-tailed deer, wild turkeys, black bears, and various smaller mammals. The streams and waterfalls, especially during the wet season, add to the area's allure. Camping and fishing are permitted with the proper permits, adhering to the principles of the 1964 Wilderness Act, which prohibits motorized vehicles, logging, and mining.