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Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge: A Coastal Haven

Explore Delaware's Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge: A haven for migratory birds, diverse wildlife, and scenic coastal landscapes.

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Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge, established in 1937, is a 15,978-acre sanctuary along Delaware Bay, primarily serving as a vital refuge and breeding ground for migratory birds and diverse wildlife. It features tidal salt marshes, freshwater impoundments, and upland habitats, offering a scenic 12-mile wildlife drive, walking trails, and observation towers.

A brief summary to Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge

  • Monday 8 am-4 pm
  • Tuesday 8 am-4 pm
  • Wednesday 8 am-4 pm
  • Thursday 8 am-4 pm
  • Friday 8 am-4 pm
  • Saturday 9 am-4 pm
  • Sunday 9 am-4 pm

Local tips

  • Bring binoculars or a spotting scope for optimal birdwatching along the wildlife drive and trails.
  • Visit during the spring or fall migration for peak concentrations of migratory birds.
  • Prepare for mosquitoes and biting flies, especially in the summer months; consider wearing long sleeves and using insect repellent.
  • Drive slowly and make multiple trips around the wildlife drive to observe the diverse wildlife.
  • Check the refuge website for information on closures during bad weather and hunting season.
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Getting There

  • Driving

    From Smyrna, Delaware, follow Route 13 south to Road 12 (Smyrna-Leipsic Rd). Turn east onto Road 12 and continue for 5 miles. After Road 12 merges with Route 9, continue for 0.25 miles, then turn left onto Whitehall Neck Road. Follow Whitehall Neck Road to the refuge entrance. The entrance fee is $4.00 per vehicle per day, payable at the kiosk or visitor center. Alternatively, annual passes are available. Parking is free near the Visitor Center.

  • Public Transport

    While there is no direct public transportation to Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge, you can take a DART bus to Smyrna and then a taxi or ride-sharing service to the refuge. From the Smyrna Transit Center to Bombay Hook NWR (2591 Whitehall Neck Rd, Smyrna, DE 19977) is about 8 miles. A taxi or ride-share will cost approximately $20-$30. The entrance fee is $4.00 per vehicle per day, payable at the kiosk or visitor center. Alternatively, annual passes are available.

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Discover more about Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge

Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge, established in 1937, spans 15,978 acres along the eastern coast of Kent County, Delaware, bordering the Delaware Bay. The refuge plays a crucial role as a sanctuary and breeding ground for migratory birds and various wildlife species along the Atlantic Flyway. Its importance has grown due to habitat loss elsewhere and effective refuge management. Four-fifths of Bombay Hook consists of tidal salt marsh, interspersed with cordgrass meadows, mud flats, tidal pools, rivers, creeks, and tidal streams. The remaining area includes forests, freshwater impoundments, brushy swamps, and herbaceous fields, creating diverse habitats that support a wide array of animal life. Visitors can explore a 12-mile wildlife drive, five walking trails (two of which are accessible), and three observation towers. The refuge is open from half an hour before sunrise until half an hour after sunset. Historically, the area was known to Native Americans as Canaresse, meaning 'shaggy bushes' or 'thicket,' evolving from the Dutch name 'Bompies Hoeck,' or 'little-tree point'. In 1679, Mechacksett, a Kahansink Indian chief, sold the marshland to Peter Bayard of New York. From 1938 to 1942, the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) constructed dikes and water control structures, creating Raymond Pool and enclosing Shearness and Finis Pools. During World War II, the U.S. Army Air Corps used the refuge for training. The Allee House, built in 1753, stands as an example of early brick plantation houses in Delaware. Today, Bombay Hook offers opportunities for wildlife observation and photography, environmental education, and hunting. Visitors can explore the Visitor Center, open on weekdays from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. and weekends (March to June, September to mid-December) from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

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