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Fort Massachusetts: A Coastal Guardian on Ship Island

Explore Fort Massachusetts on Ship Island: A historic landmark offering a glimpse into Civil War-era coastal defense and island life.

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Fort Massachusetts, located on West Ship Island, MS, is a historic fort that was built after the War of 1812 and remained in use until 1903. Today, it stands as a historical landmark within the Gulf Islands National Seashore, offering visitors a glimpse into the past.

A brief summary to Fort Massachusetts

Local tips

  • Take the ferry from Gulfport or Biloxi to Ship Island, the only way to access the fort.
  • Check the National Park Service website for the schedule of ranger-guided tours, typically offered in the spring, summer, and fall.
  • Bring sunscreen, a hat, and plenty of water, as there is limited shade on the island.
  • Pack a picnic lunch to enjoy on the beach, but remember to carry out everything you bring in.
  • Consider renting chairs and an umbrella on the island for a more comfortable beach experience.
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Getting There

  • Ferry

    The only way to reach Fort Massachusetts is via the Ship Island Excursions ferry from Gulfport, MS. The ferry departs from Gulfport Small Craft Harbor at Jones Park (1022 23rd Avenue), approximately 12 miles north of the island. The ferry ride takes about an hour. Upon arrival at Ship Island, follow the boardwalk for about half a mile to reach the fort and the beach. As of July 2025, round-trip ferry tickets cost $44 for adults, $38 for children (ages 3-12), $42 for seniors (65+), and $42 for military personnel with ID. Infants (2 and under) ride free. Online tickets are subject to a 6% fee. You can also rent two chairs and an umbrella for $30 on the island.

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Discover more about Fort Massachusetts

Fort Massachusetts, a well-preserved brick fortification on West Ship Island, Mississippi, is a testament to the strategic importance of the Gulf Coast. Constructed as part of the nation's Third System of Coastal Defense, its purpose was to protect the deep-water pass and the sea approach to New Orleans. The fort's construction began in 1859 but was hampered by various challenges, including the harsh environment, hurricanes, yellow fever epidemics, and the Civil War. In January 1861, Mississippi seceded from the Union, and Confederate militia briefly seized the island. However, Union forces quickly retook it and used Ship Island as a staging area for the successful capture of New Orleans in 1862. Throughout the remainder of the war, the island served as a bustling hub with as many as 20,000 Union troops stationed there. Federal military convicts, political dissidents, and Confederate soldiers were also imprisoned on Ship Island during the Civil War. Though the fort never received an official Army title, it became known as Fort Massachusetts, named after the Union ship that retook the island in the fall of 1861. Today, visitors can explore the fort, learn about its history through ranger-guided tours, and appreciate its role in defending the Mississippi coast.

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