Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain (Eros) at Piccadilly Circus, London

Origins and Tribute to Social Reform

The Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain was commissioned between 1892 and 1893 to commemorate Anthony Ashley Cooper, the 7th Earl of Shaftesbury, a Victorian-era politician and philanthropist renowned for his tireless efforts to improve social conditions. His work notably included campaigns against child labor and the promotion of education for children, reflecting his deep Christian values and commitment to social justice. The fountain stands near Shaftesbury Avenue, itself named in his honor, symbolizing his lasting legacy in London.

The Statue and Artistic Innovation

Atop the bronze fountain is a striking statue often mistaken for Eros, the Greek god of love, but actually representing Anteros, the god of selfless and reflective love. Sculpted by Alfred Gilbert, the statue was the first in the world to be cast in aluminium, a pioneering use of the metal in art. Gilbert intended Anteros to embody Lord Shaftesbury’s philanthropic spirit — blindfolded love sending kindness indiscriminately and swiftly, much like a bird in flight. The figure’s model was a 16-year-old boy, Angelo Colarossi, adding a youthful grace to the sculpture.

Controversy and Public Reception

Upon its unveiling by the Duke of Westminster on June 29, 1893, the memorial sparked controversy. Some critics felt the statue was too sensual for a sober and respected figure like Lord Shaftesbury, while others objected to its placement in the lively and somewhat vulgar theatre district of London. Despite initial complaints, the statue quickly became one of London’s most famous sculptures and a beloved symbol of the city’s cultural heart.

Relocations and Preservation Efforts

The fountain has been moved several times due to urban development and wartime safety concerns. It was removed in 1922 during the construction of an underground station beneath Piccadilly Circus and stored in Embankment Gardens before being returned in 1931. During World War II, the statue alone was taken away for protection and kept in Egham until 1948. Restoration work in the 1980s addressed damage and wear, including replacing the bow and arrow, ensuring the fountain’s continued preservation.

Symbolism and Cultural Significance

More than a decorative monument, the fountain embodies the spirit of Christian charity and social reform. The statue’s representation of Anteros as 'blindfolded Love' aligns with Lord Shaftesbury’s vision of compassion without prejudice. Its image has transcended the fountain itself, becoming an emblem of London, notably appearing on the masthead of the Evening Standard newspaper. The fountain’s marine-inspired bronze base complements the ethereal figure, enhancing its artistic and symbolic impact.

Modern-Day Experience and Legacy

Today, the Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain remains a vibrant centerpiece of Piccadilly Circus, surrounded by the hustle of London’s theatreland and nightlife. Visitors encounter not only a masterpiece of Victorian sculpture and metalwork but also a monument steeped in history, faith, and social progress. Its enduring presence invites reflection on the power of kindness and the legacy one individual can leave on a city and society.