Saranta Kolones: Paphos's Earthquake-Riven Fortress

Saranta Kolones, meaning 'Forty Columns' in Greek, is a ruined medieval fortress located within the Paphos Archaeological Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Situated just north of Paphos Harbour, this historical site offers a compelling journey into Cyprus's past. The fortress was originally constructed in the late 7th century AD by the Byzantines to protect the port and city of Nea Paphos from Arab raids. Later, it was remodelled by the Lusignans. The castle was encircled by a three-meter thick wall, complemented by eight towers and a protective moat, with access provided by a wooden bridge. The square courtyard measured 35 meters in both length and width, featuring a tower at each corner and a horseshoe-shaped main entrance on the east side. Sadly, an earthquake in 1222 led to the castle's destruction and subsequent abandonment. Today, visitors can explore the ruins and imagine the fortress in its prime. The site's name comes from the numerous granite columns discovered there, believed to have been part of the ancient agora. Excavations have revealed insights into the castle's construction and its role in the region's history.