Place de la Canourgue: Montpellier's Oldest Square

Place de la Canourgue, often described as the most beautiful and romantic square in Montpellier, holds the distinction of being the city's oldest public space. Its history is deeply intertwined with the evolution of Montpellier, reflecting its aristocratic past and architectural ambitions. In the 12th century, Guilhem VI, Lord of Montpellier, chose this elevated location for his residential palace and chapel, marking it as a significant site within the growing city. The name 'Canourgue' originates from the canons of the cathedral of Maguelone, who were housed here in the former seigneurial residence after the Guilhem family moved to a new palace in 1151. This transition cemented the area's importance as a religious and administrative center. During the Wars of Religion, the original church on the site, Sainte-Croix, was destroyed. In the 17th century, ambitious plans were drawn to rebuild the cathedral here, with designs for a massive structure stretching 94 meters long and 37 meters wide, crowned by a 46-meter dome. However, Cardinal Richelieu deemed the project too costly, halting construction in 1628 and leading to the restoration of the existing Saint-Pierre Cathedral instead. The visible foundations beneath the square serve as a reminder of this unfulfilled architectural vision. In 1665, the area was redeveloped, transforming it into one of the city's grandest squares. Mansions were constructed, including the Hôtel de Boulhaco (later the Hôtel Richer de Belleval), which was built in 1676 by Charles de Boulhaco, an advisor to the Court of Auditors. This building later served as Montpellier's City Hall from 1816 to 1975. Today, Place de la Canourgue is renowned for its serene atmosphere and architectural harmony. The square is lined with honey-colored stone facades, offering a cohesive and elegant aesthetic. Towering hackberry trees provide shade, creating a cool and inviting space for relaxation. The meticulously maintained gardens, complete with boxwood alleys and antique rose beds, add to the square's charm. The Fontaine des Licornes (Unicorn Fountain), completed by sculptor Foumet, stands proudly at one end of the square. This fountain pays homage to Charles-Eugène-Gabriel de Castries, a Marshal of France who won the Battle of Clostercamp. The unicorns featured in the fountain are derived from Castries' coat of arms. From Place de la Canourgue, visitors can enjoy stunning views of the Cathédrale Saint-Pierre and the city's rooftops. The square is surrounded by notable buildings, including the Hôtel Richer de Belleval, the Hôtel de Cambacérès-Murles, and the Hôtel de Sarret (also known as the Hôtel de la Coquille), each contributing to the square's architectural richness. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, during his stay in Montpellier in 1737, wrote of his fondness for strolling through Place de la Canourgue, highlighting its appeal as a place for leisure and contemplation. Place de la Canourgue remains a vibrant hub, hosting various events and activities throughout the year. Local artisans and performers often showcase their talents here, adding to the square's cultural vibrancy. Its blend of natural beauty, historical significance, and cultural activity makes it a beloved sanctuary in the heart of Montpellier. Whether you're seeking a peaceful retreat, a romantic setting, or a glimpse into Montpellier's rich history, Place de la Canourgue offers an unforgettable experience. Its timeless charm and central location make it an essential destination for any visitor to Montpellier. Visiting Place de la Canourgue is like stepping back in time, where the echoes of Montpellier's past resonate through its elegant architecture and tranquil ambiance. It's a place to slow down, appreciate the beauty of the surroundings, and immerse yourself in the city's rich cultural heritage. As you wander through the square, take note of the architectural details of the surrounding mansions, each with its own unique story to tell. Imagine the dignitaries and nobles who once resided here, shaping the course of Montpellier's history. Feel the gentle breeze rustling through the leaves of the hackberry trees, providing a welcome respite from the Mediterranean sun. Whether you're a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply someone seeking a moment of peace and tranquility, Place de la Canourgue offers something for everyone. Its timeless charm and central location make it an essential destination for any visitor to Montpellier.