Vardaris Fortress, Thessaloniki Travel Guide

Vardaris Fortress, or Top Hane as it was known during Ottoman rule, stands as a testament to Thessaloniki's long and storied past. Originally built in the Byzantine era, the fortress was strategically positioned to protect the city's port and coastline. Its location at the western end of the port built by Emperor Constantine the Great highlights its historical significance.Over the centuries, the fortress underwent several modifications, particularly during the Ottoman period when the southern part of the wall was widened to create an embankment for powder kegs. The fortress also incorporates parts of the Byzantine fortification, showcasing a blend of architectural styles.Today, visitors can explore the remains of the fortress, including its towers and walls, and enjoy panoramic views of Thessaloniki. The fortress provides a unique perspective on the city's blend of ancient and modern elements, making it a must-see destination for history enthusiasts and tourists alike. Excavations have revealed that the Anaglyphos Tower, located on the eastern side of the fortress, stands on an older wall made of large rectangular blocks. This wall has been identified as the "Tzeremboulo" mentioned in 15th-century Byzantine sources, which was a breakwater enclosing the port from its southwestern side.