Sitabengra & Jogimara Caves: Ancient Echoes of Chhattisgarh

The Sitabengra and Jogimara Caves, located in the Surguja district of Chhattisgarh, are significant for their historical value and unique features. These caves, dating back to the 3rd century BCE, are among the oldest examples of rock-cut architecture in India. The Sitabengra Cave, also known as Sitabenga, is believed to have been used as a congregation hall or shelter for monks and travelers. Some scholars classify it as the oldest known performance stage in the Indian subcontinent, dating it between 300 BCE to 100 BCE. This is based on the cave's architecture, poetic inscriptions in Brahmi script, and murals. The cave features two rows of hemispherical rock-cut stone benches in front. It is believed that Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana resided in Sitabengra Cave during their exile. The Jogimara Cave is famous for its ancient paintings and inscriptions in Brahmi script, which provide insights into the social and cultural life of ancient India. The paintings, though faded, offer a glimpse into the artistic expressions of that era. The cave is made of Gaj stone and faces northeast. Inside, there are depictions of geometric patterns, fish, animals, and dance scenes. These ancient paintings are some of India's earliest examples of mural art. The inscriptions mention a love affair between a woman named Devdasi and a man named Rudraksha Dev Din, marking an early reference to the Devdasi practice. The caves are located 45 kilometers southwest of Ambikapur, connected by National Highway 130. The surrounding Ramgarh hills add to the beauty of the site, making it a must-visit for history enthusiasts.