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Shouf Biosphere Reserve & Niha Fortress: A Lebanese Treasure

Discover Lebanon's natural beauty and history at the Shouf Biosphere Reserve and Niha Fortress. Hike scenic trails and explore ancient ruins.

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Explore the Shouf Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO-designated site, home to Lebanon's iconic cedar trees and the historic Niha Fortress. Discover diverse landscapes, hiking trails, and a glimpse into the region's storied past.

A brief summary to Shouf Biosphere Reserve /Niha Fortress

Local tips

  • Visit during spring or fall for the best weather and vibrant scenery.
  • Wear comfortable hiking shoes to explore the diverse trails.
  • Consider joining a guided tour to gain deeper insights into the history and ecology of the area.
  • Pack a picnic to enjoy amidst the natural beauty of the reserve.
  • Check local guides for seasonal events or festivals that may enhance your visit.
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Getting There

  • Car

    From Beirut, take the coastal highway south for about 20 km to Damour. From there, take the road to Beiteddine. Continue to Maasser Beiteddine, then follow signs to Niha and the Shouf Biosphere Reserve. Parking is available near the visitor center.

  • Public Transport

    From Beirut, take a bus or shared taxi (service) to Niha. The fare typically ranges from 3,000 to 5,000 L.L.. From the Niha bus stop, you can walk (about 20 minutes) or hire a local taxi to the reserve entrance. Taxi fare should not exceed 10,000 L.L..

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Discover more about Shouf Biosphere Reserve /Niha Fortress

The Shouf Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO-designated site, spans over 50,000 hectares, showcasing Lebanon's breathtaking natural beauty and rich history. The reserve is renowned for its dense forests, rugged mountains, and diverse wildlife, including the endangered cedar trees that have become a national symbol. Visitors can explore numerous hiking trails, offering stunning views and opportunities to observe the region's biodiversity. At the heart of the reserve lies the historic Niha Fortress, an ancient structure carved into a cliff overlooking the Bisri and Aray valleys. First mentioned in historical records in 975 AD, the fortress has played a crucial role in the region's defense throughout various historical periods. The fortress was controlled alternatively by Crusaders and local Muslims until its destruction in 1261. It was rebuilt in 1270 by the Mamluk leader Baibars. Shaped like a cave over a hundred meters deep, the fortress features chambers and rooms which were excavated in order to shelter soldiers and as depots for domestic work. As you wander through the ruins, you'll discover remnants of its architecture and learn about its significance from local guides. The juxtaposition of the fortress against the verdant landscape provides a perfect photo opportunity. The Shouf Biosphere Reserve exemplifies the biosphere reserve designation through its conservation of biodiversity and promotion of sustainable land use. The reserve is open to visitors during the spring, summer, and fall (April to November) and on a limited basis during the winter for outdoor activities.

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