Le Temple de Faqra: A Window into Roman Lebanon

Le Temple de Faqra, also known as Qalaat Faqra, is an archaeological site in Kfardebian, Lebanon, showcasing significant Roman and Byzantine ruins. Situated on the slopes of Mount Sannine, near the Faqra ski resort, it stands at an altitude of 1500 meters. This location is historically significant, as it lies approximately halfway between Berytus (Beirut) and Heliopolis (Baalbek), two principal Roman cities of Roman Phoenicia. The site is divided into three main sectors: the Claudius Tower and monumental altars to the north, the Small Temple to the south near the Nabaa el-Laban stream, and the Great Sanctuary in between. The Claudius Tower, a massive 15-meter square structure, was originally three stories high with a pyramid-shaped roof. Emperor Claudius restored the building in 43 AD, as indicated by Greek inscriptions. The Great Sanctuary features a rectangular temple (34x14 meters) oriented east to west, with Corinthian columns and a columned hall leading to the sanctum sanctorum. The temple was dedicated to Baal or Galassos, reflecting Iturean Aramaic influence and the worship of the Phoenician Baal. Nearby, the Small Temple was dedicated to the Syrian goddess Atargatis and later converted into a church in the 4th century AD. Visitors can explore the restored columns, altars, and the remains of a square courtyard surrounded by a colonnade. The site also includes a natural bridge with a 50-meter span, revealing fossilized seashells dating back 200 million years. The Faqra Roman Ruins offer a serene escape, blending historical exploration with scenic mountain views.