Lori Castle: A Medieval Fortress

Lori Castle, or Lori Berd, is a captivating medieval fortress nestled between the Dzoraget and Miskhana rivers, near the town of Stepanavan. Founded in the early 11th century by David Anhoghin, it served as a vital point along a northern trade route connecting major cities like Ani, Dvin, and Tbilisi. The fortress and its settlement thrived, housing around 10,000 residents between the 11th and 13th centuries. Lori Castle's history is rich and varied. It was once the capital of the Kyurikyan Kingdom and later fell under Georgian, Turkish, and Persian control. The Mongols captured and nearly destroyed it in 1236, but it was subsequently rebuilt. Over time, the castle lost its military importance and became a refuge for displaced people before being abandoned. Today, excavations have revealed tools, pottery, coins, and imported goods, confirming its role as a crossroads of international trade. The castle's architecture is also noteworthy, situated on a rocky plateau almost 1500 meters above sea level and surrounded by a 214-meter-long wall. Inside the fortress, visitors can explore the remains of a palace, baths, chapels, and private apartments.