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Ilisu State Reserve: A Caucasian Biodiversity Hotspot

Discover Azerbaijan's natural beauty and historical charm at Ilisu State Reserve, a haven for biodiversity and cultural heritage in the Caucasus Mountains.

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Established in 1987, Ilisu State Reserve in Azerbaijan's Qakh region protects the southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus Mountains. This natural haven boasts diverse landscapes, rich biodiversity, and historical significance, offering a captivating experience for nature enthusiasts and history buffs alike.

A brief summary to Ilisu State Reserve

  • F2XC+CHW, Qakh, AZ

Local tips

  • Wear comfortable hiking shoes as the trails can be steep and uneven.
  • Bring your camera to capture the stunning landscapes and diverse wildlife.
  • Check the weather forecast before your visit to ensure a pleasant day outdoors.
  • Visit the local museum in Ilisu village to learn about the region's rich cultural history.
  • Try the local cuisine in Ilisu village for an authentic taste of Azerbaijani culture.
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Getting There

  • Public Transport

    From Qakh's main bus station, buses depart to Ilisu five times daily (07:30, 09:30, 12:00, 14:00, 17:00). The bus fare is approximately 0.70 AZN per trip. The journey takes around 30 minutes.

  • Taxi/Ride-Share

    From the center of Qakh, a taxi to Ilisu State Reserve, located approximately 12 km away, will cost around 5-6 AZN. Ensure to negotiate the price before starting your journey. The ride takes about 20 minutes.

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Discover more about Ilisu State Reserve

Ilisu State Reserve, located in the Qakh region of Azerbaijan, is a captivating natural sanctuary established in 1987 to safeguard the unique ecosystems of the southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus Mountains. Spanning over 173 square kilometers, the reserve encompasses a diverse range of landscapes, from dense forests and verdant meadows to towering peaks and crystal-clear rivers, creating a haven for an extraordinary variety of flora and fauna. The reserve's rich biodiversity is one of its most remarkable features. Over 500 plant species thrive within its boundaries, including nearly 60 endemic varieties, adapted to the region's unique climate and terrain. Ancient forests of oriental beech, Caucasian hornbeam, and eastern oak dominate the landscape, interspersed with birch, walnut, chestnut, and linden trees. The undergrowth is adorned with a vibrant tapestry of shrubs, medicinal herbs, and rare endemic plants, creating a paradise for botanists and nature lovers alike. The fauna of Ilisu State Reserve is equally impressive, with a diverse array of mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians calling it home. Majestic creatures such as the Dagestan aurochs, red deer, roe deer, and chamois roam the mountains, while brown bears, wolves, foxes, and lynx prowl the forests. Birdwatchers will be delighted by the presence of over 90 bird species, including the golden eagle, black griffon, falcon, and hoopoe, some of which are listed in the Red Book of endangered species. The reserve's rivers teem with fish, including the prized salmon and trout, while the surrounding landscapes provide habitats for a variety of reptiles and amphibians. Beyond its natural wonders, Ilisu State Reserve is steeped in history and culture. The nearby Ilisu village, one of the most ancient settlements in Azerbaijan, was once the capital of the Ilisu Sultanate, a short-lived 18th-century state. The village is dotted with historical monuments, including the Sumug Gala fortress, a four-story defensive tower offering panoramic views of the surrounding valleys, and the Great Bridge over the Kurmuk River, a 17th-century architectural marvel. Visitors to Ilisu State Reserve can engage in a variety of activities, from hiking and trekking to birdwatching and picnicking. Numerous trails wind through the reserve, catering to both casual walkers and experienced hikers. The hike to the Gashgachay river offers stunning views of the surrounding mountains and forests, while the ascent to the Shamil Fortress provides a glimpse into the region's rich history. For those seeking a more relaxing experience, the thermal waters near Ilisu village offer a soothing and rejuvenating escape.

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