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Pukará de Quitor: Ancient Fortress of the Atacameño People

Discover the ancient Pukará de Quitor, a pre-Inca fortress near San Pedro de Atacama, offering stunning views and a glimpse into Atacameño history.

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Explore the Pukará de Quitor, a pre-Inca fortress dating back to the 12th century, located just 3 km from San Pedro de Atacama. This historic site offers a glimpse into the lives of the Atacameño people and their defense against the Inca and Spanish invaders.

A brief summary to Pukará de Quitor

  • San Pedro de Atacama, Antofagasta, CL

Local tips

  • Visit early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid the midday heat and enjoy the best light for photography.
  • Wear sturdy shoes as the terrain is uneven and involves some climbing.
  • Bring water and sunscreen, as there is little shade at the site.
  • Allow at least 2-3 hours to explore the site and enjoy the views.
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Getting There

  • Walking

    From the center of San Pedro de Atacama, head north along the San Pedro River. The walk to Pukará de Quitor is approximately 3 km and takes around 30-40 minutes. Follow the road along the river; the entrance to the site will be on your left. The route is mostly flat, but can be hot during the day. Consider bringing water and sun protection. There is an entrance fee of 5,750 CLP.

  • Bicycle

    Rent a bicycle in San Pedro de Atacama and follow the same route as walking. The bike ride is approximately 3 km and should take around 15-20 minutes. Be aware that the road is unpaved in some sections. Bike rentals typically cost around 6,000-8,000 CLP for a half-day. There are bike racks available near the entrance to lock your bike. The entrance fee to the site is 5,750 CLP.

  • Taxi/Car

    Take Tocopilla street north. The drive to Pukará de Quitor is approximately 3 km from San Pedro de Atacama. Taxis are readily available in San Pedro de Atacama. A taxi ride should cost approximately 4,000-6,000 CLP. Alternatively, you can rent a car in Calama or San Pedro de Atacama. Follow the signs to Pukará de Quitor. Parking is available near the entrance. The entrance fee to the site is 5,750 CLP.

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Discover more about Pukará de Quitor

The Pukará de Quitor, declared a National Monument in 1982, is an ancient fortress with a rich history dating back to the 12th century. Built by the Atacameño people, it served as a strategic defense against the expanding Inca Empire and later, the Spanish conquistadors. The fortress is constructed from the red rock of the surrounding hills, blending seamlessly with the landscape. Strategically positioned on a hillside overlooking the San Pedro River, the Pukará offered a clear view of the surrounding valleys and provided a secure location for the local population. It took the Spanish over 20 years to conquer the fortress, a testament to its formidable defenses and the resilience of the Atacameño people. Today, visitors can explore the ruins of the fortress, including the defensive walls, living quarters, and storage areas. A trail leads to a viewpoint with panoramic views of the Valley of Death and the surrounding landscape. The site also features a monument honoring the bravery of the Atacameño people. The Plaza de Quitor, near the entrance, features head sculptures chiseled into the cliffs. The Pukará de Quitor provides a fascinating insight into the pre-Columbian history of the Atacama Desert and the cultural heritage of the Atacameño people.

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