Choirokoitia: A Window to Neolithic Cyprus

Choirokoitia, also known as Khirokitia, is an exceptionally well-preserved Neolithic settlement in Cyprus, offering a fascinating glimpse into the island's ancient past. This UNESCO World Heritage site, dating back to the 7th to 4th millennium BC, showcases the Aceramic Neolithic period, representing the peak of the first human occupation by farmers from the Near East. Located in the Larnaka district, about 6 km from the southern coast, the settlement lies on the slopes of a hill in the Maroni River valley. Choirokoitia provides invaluable insights into the evolution of human society in this key region. The village once covered approximately 3 hectares and consisted of circular houses built from mudbrick and stone, huddled together and protected by walls. These dwellings featured flat roofs and were often arranged around a small central courtyard, serving as the center of domestic activities. Excavations have revealed that the dead were buried in pits beneath the floors of the houses, highlighting the close relationship between the living and the deceased. Artifacts discovered at the site, including flint and bone tools, stone vessels, and anthropomorphic figurines, offer clues about the beliefs and daily lives of the inhabitants. Near the entrance, five characteristic cylindrical dwellings have been reconstructed using authentic materials and methods, providing visitors with a vivid representation of Neolithic life. The surrounding vegetation features plant species and native trees that have thrived in Cyprus since Neolithic times. While exploring the site, take note of the limited information available and the sloping terrain, which may present accessibility challenges.