Uplistsikhe: An Ancient Cave City

Uplistsikhe, meaning 'Lord's Fortress,' is an ancient cave city located 10 kilometers east of Gori, in the Shida Kartli region of Georgia. Carved into a rocky hillside on the left bank of the Kura River, this remarkable site dates back to the late Bronze Age, around 1000 BC. Uplistsikhe was inhabited until the 13th century AD and was once an important religious, political, and cultural center. During its peak between the 6th century BC and the 11th century AD, Uplistsikhe was a major pre-Christian Kartlian center. The city's strategic location along the Silk Road contributed to its prosperity as a trading post. Over time, Uplistsikhe grew to house approximately 20,000 people. The city features a unique blend of cave-cut architecture and traditional building styles, with temples, dwellings, and public spaces interconnected by tunnels and pathways. Visitors can explore the remains of Queen Tamara's Hall, a grand reception area, as well as ancient wine presses, cellars, and a 10th-century Christian basilica built atop the complex. A secret tunnel leading to the Kura River provided a water supply and escape route during sieges. Uplistsikhe provides a fascinating glimpse into Georgia's rich history and architectural heritage.