Thurbruch und Gothensee, Baltic Sea Coast Travel Guide

Thurbruch and Gothensee, a sprawling nature reserve on the eastern side of Usedom Island, offers a captivating escape into a world of natural beauty and tranquility. The name 'Thurbruch' originates from 'Thur,' an ancient term for aurochs, signifying 'aurochs swamp,' hinting at the area's historical significance as a habitat for diverse wildlife. Spanning approximately 16 square kilometers, Thurbruch is one of the largest lowland moors in northeastern Germany. The landscape is characterized by the Gothensee, Usedom's largest inland lake, and the Kachliner See, both nestled within the Thurbruch. Numerous drainage ditches crisscross the area, some dating back to the 18th century, reflecting human intervention in shaping the landscape. The area's history is intertwined with the forces of nature and human endeavors. During the last Ice Age, a glacial basin formed in the area, later becoming a bay of the Baltic Sea. Over time, the bay gradually silted up, transforming into a lowland moor. The Thurbruch was first documented in 1421 as 'silva thura,' a Latin term for aurochs forest. In 1967, the Gothensee and the surrounding northern Thurbruch were designated as a nature reserve due to their rich biodiversity. However, increased nutrient input from wastewater disposal led to an ecosystem collapse in the lake in the mid-1980s. Efforts to reduce wastewater discharge have resulted in a gradual improvement in water quality. The area south of the Gothensee remained largely unaffected by the nutrient influx, preserving its raised bog character and supporting a diverse array of insect species. Today, the Thurbruch and Gothensee are home to a remarkable variety of flora and fauna. The reed-covered shores of the Gothensee provide refuge for greylag geese, great crested grebes, mute swans, terns, and other waterfowl. The area also supports populations of cranes, marsh harriers, and bitterns. The Thurbruch's diverse insect life includes numerous butterfly species, such as the moorland burnet, the Laelia coenosa moth, and the Carsia sororiata moth. The area is also home to various blue butterfly species, including the Plebeius optilete, Callophrys rubi, and Plebeius argyrognomon. Reptiles such as adders, grass snakes, slow worms, and forest lizards can be observed in the Thurbruch. The Gothensee serves as a spawning ground for common toads and moor frogs. The European fire-bellied toad has also recently reappeared in the area. Visitors can explore the Thurbruch and Gothensee through a network of hiking trails. A trail east of Gothen leads to the 32-meter-high Buchfinksberg, offering panoramic views of the Thurbruch, the Imperial Spas, and the Gothensee. Another scenic trail connects the Imperial Spa of Bansin to Sellin, located eight kilometers away. The Thurbruch and Gothensee offer a unique opportunity to experience the natural beauty of Usedom Island. The area's diverse landscape, rich history, and abundant wildlife make it a must-visit destination for nature enthusiasts and those seeking a peaceful retreat. To fully appreciate the Thurbruch and Gothensee, consider visiting the observation tower on the Kückelsberg near Reetzow, which provides a panoramic view of the Thurbruch. The tower offers a unique perspective on the vastness of the moor and the surrounding landscape. From this vantage point, you can observe the remnants of the dams that were used in the late 19th century to drain water from the Bäck and Knüppelgraben rivers across the lake. The Thurbruch and Gothensee are not only a haven for wildlife but also a testament to the ongoing efforts to preserve and restore this unique ecosystem. By visiting this natural gem, you can contribute to the appreciation and conservation of this valuable part of Usedom Island.