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Rock of Gibraltar: A Fortress of History and Nature

Explore Gibraltar's iconic Rock: history, nature, stunning views, and the famous Barbary macaques await!

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The Rock of Gibraltar, a towering limestone promontory, has been a strategic and symbolic landmark for millennia. Rising dramatically from the sea, it offers stunning views, fascinating military history, and a unique population of Barbary macaques, making it a must-see destination.

A brief summary to Rock of Gibraltar

  • Gibraltar, GI

Local tips

  • Purchase a Nature Reserve ticket to access most attractions on the Upper Rock, including St. Michael's Cave and the Great Siege Tunnels.
  • Be aware of the Barbary macaques; they are wild animals and may try to snatch food or belongings.
  • Wear comfortable shoes, as exploring the Rock involves a lot of walking, often uphill.
  • Check the opening hours for the Nature Reserve and specific attractions, as they may vary depending on the season.
  • Consider taking a guided tour to learn about the history and significance of the Rock from a local expert.
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Getting There

  • Walking

    From Casemates Square, walk south along Main Street. Turn right onto Red Sands Road, then left onto Grand Parade. The Cable Car base station is on your right. Alternatively, from the border, take a bus to the town center and follow the directions above. Walking to the Upper Rock entrances (e.g., Jews' Gate, Moorish Castle) is possible but involves a steep, strenuous climb. Consider the Mediterranean Steps for a challenging hike. A Nature Reserve ticket (£30 for adults, £22 for children) is required to access the Upper Rock, purchased at the ticket office on Windmill Hill Road, in front of the Pillars of Hercules.

  • Public Transport

    From the Gibraltar border, several bus routes connect to the town center. Take a bus to Casemates Square or the Cable Car station. From there, follow walking directions to reach the Rock's attractions or the Cable Car base. A day ticket costs just over £2. Note that public transport does not directly access the Upper Rock Nature Reserve.

  • Cable Car

    The Gibraltar Cable Car is a quick way to reach the Top of the Rock. The base station is located on Grand Parade, near the southern end of Main Street. A round-trip ticket, including Nature Reserve access, costs £49 for adults and £31 for children (4-11 years). A one-way ticket including Nature Reserve access costs £46.50 for adults. Consider purchasing tickets online in advance to avoid queues.

  • Taxi

    Taxis are readily available at the Gibraltar border, airport, and cruise terminal. A taxi from the border to the Cable Car base station costs approximately £3. A taxi tour of the Upper Rock, including Nature Reserve entry, may cost around £35 per person. Private taxi tours are also available. Note that non-resident vehicles are generally not permitted to drive within the Upper Rock Nature Reserve.

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Discover more about Rock of Gibraltar

The Rock of Gibraltar, known in Roman times as Mons Calpe, is a monolithic limestone promontory that dominates the landscape. Formed over 200 million years ago from the shells of sea creatures, it stands as a testament to geological history and has been shaped by the ages. Its strategic location at the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea has made it a coveted territory throughout history, serving as a vital naval base and a symbol of power. From its early inhabitation by Neanderthals to its role as one of the Pillars of Hercules in ancient mythology, the Rock is steeped in legend and historical significance. The Moors, led by Tariq ibn-Ziyad, landed here in 711 AD, marking the beginning of their conquest of Iberia, and the Rock still bears his name (Jebel Tarik). For over 700 years, the Moors controlled Gibraltar, until it was recaptured by the Spanish in 1462. In 1704, the British captured the Rock during the War of the Spanish Succession, and it has remained under British rule ever since. Today, the Rock of Gibraltar is a major tourist attraction, offering a blend of natural beauty, military history, and unique wildlife. Visitors can explore the Upper Rock Nature Reserve, home to the famous Barbary macaques, the only wild monkey population in Europe. St. Michael's Cave, a stunning natural grotto, has been used for concerts and events. The Great Siege Tunnels and World War II Tunnels offer a glimpse into Gibraltar's military past, showcasing the ingenuity and resilience of the British forces. The Skywalk and Windsor Suspension Bridge provide breathtaking panoramic views. The Rock of Gibraltar is more than just a landmark; it's a living museum, a natural wonder, and a symbol of enduring strategic importance. Whether you're interested in history, nature, or simply breathtaking views, the Rock of Gibraltar offers an unforgettable experience.

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