Bashtabya Castle: A Sentinel of Mosul's History

Bashtabya Castle, also known as Bashtabiya or Pashtabia Castle, is a historic fortress located in Mosul, Iraq, on the western bank of the Tigris River. Built in the 12th century as one of seven castles within Mosul's city wall, it played a significant role in the city's defense. The castle's strategic location at the highest point in Mosul, approximately 75 feet above sea level, offered commanding views of the city and its surroundings.Throughout its history, Bashtabya Castle has endured periods of destruction and restoration. It was damaged by Timur in 1393 and later rebuilt by the Ottoman Empire. The castle was crucial during the Ottoman-Persian War of 1743-1746, when it helped Mosul withstand a siege by Nader Shah of Persia.In recent years, Bashtabya Castle suffered damage during the conflict with the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). In April 2015, ISIL reportedly blew up parts of the castle, adding it to the list of heritage sites destroyed by the group. Although partially destroyed, some sections of the castle remain intact. The Iraqi Army recaptured the remains of the castle in June 2017.Despite its ruined state, Bashtabya Castle remains an important archaeological site and a symbol of Mosul's resilience. It attracts tourists from Iraq and neighboring countries, offering a glimpse into the city's past.