Big Ben and the Elizabeth Tower: London’s Iconic Timekeeper
Discover the timeless grandeur of Big Ben and the Elizabeth Tower, London’s iconic Gothic Revival masterpiece and resonant symbol of British heritage.
The Origins and Naming of the Tower
The tower now known as the Elizabeth Tower was originally called the Clock Tower when it was completed in 1859 as part of the Palace of Westminster’s reconstruction after a devastating fire in 1834. In 2012, it was renamed to honor Queen Elizabeth II’s Diamond Jubilee, aligning it with the Victoria Tower at the palace’s southern end. Despite this official name, the tower is popularly and universally called Big Ben, a nickname that actually refers to the Great Bell housed within. Theories about the bell’s nickname include it being named after Sir Benjamin Hall, a large and boisterous Commissioner of Works, or possibly after a heavyweight boxing champion of the era.[1][2][3][4]Architectural Grandeur and Design Details
Designed by Augustus Pugin in the Gothic Revival style, the Elizabeth Tower rises 96 meters (316 feet) high, making it the third-tallest clock tower in Britain. Its four clock faces sit 54.9 meters (180 feet) above ground, each composed of 324 pieces of opal glass held within cast iron frames, totaling 1,292 glass pieces. The minute hands measure 14 feet long—comparable to the height of a giraffe—while the hour hands are nearly 9 feet, about the size of an ostrich. The tower’s stone carvings and decorations include symbols representing the four countries of the United Kingdom and the Tudor dynasty, reflecting its rich historical context.[1][3]The Bells and Their Enduring Sound
Big Ben is the largest of five bells inside the tower, weighing approximately 13.7 tonnes. Unlike many might assume, the bells do not swing; instead, they are fixed and struck from the outside by hammers, producing the iconic chimes that have become synonymous with London. The Great Bell sounds an E-natural note and has famously continued to chime through historic events, including sustaining minimal damage during World War II bombings. The bell’s journey to the tower was a feat in itself, transported on a trolley pulled by sixteen horses and hoisted 61 meters to the belfry.[1][3]Visiting and Experiencing the Tower
Visitors can climb the Elizabeth Tower, though access is restricted to UK residents who must arrange tours through their Members of Parliament. The climb involves ascending 399 steps to reach the clock faces, the bell chamber, and the Ayrton Light—a lantern that illuminates the clock faces when Parliament is in session. The tower underwent extensive restoration for five years, reopening to the public in 2023. Standing beneath the tower, hearing the resonant chimes, and observing the intricate clockwork offers a unique connection to London’s historical and cultural heritage.[1][2]The Tower’s Symbolic and Cultural Significance
Beyond its architectural and mechanical marvels, the Elizabeth Tower and Big Ben symbolize British resilience and tradition. The tower’s chimes mark significant moments and parliamentary sessions, while its silhouette dominates the London skyline near Westminster Abbey and the Houses of Parliament. It embodies the continuity of governance and the nation’s identity, making it a must-see landmark that captures both the past and present of London.Fun Facts and Lesser-Known Details
The tower has held several informal names over time, including the Clock Tower and even the incorrect St Stephen’s Tower. The Ayrton Light atop the tower is a unique feature that signals when Parliament is sitting. Despite its fame, the bells do not swing but are struck by external hammers, and the clock faces are made of hundreds of individual glass pieces. The tower’s height is equivalent to stacking 21 London buses, emphasizing its monumental scale in the cityscape.[1][4]A brief summary to Big Ben
- London, SW1A 0AA, GB
- +442072194272
- Visit website
Local tips
- Book tours of the Elizabeth Tower well in advance through a UK Member of Parliament, as public access is limited.
- Visit at different times of day to experience the tower’s chimes and see the clock faces illuminated at night.
- Explore nearby landmarks like Westminster Abbey and the Houses of Parliament to enrich your visit.
- Wear comfortable shoes if you plan to climb the 399 steps inside the tower.
Getting There
-
Underground
Take the London Underground to Westminster station, served by the Jubilee, District, and Circle lines. From there, the Elizabeth Tower is a short 5-minute walk. Trains run frequently throughout the day, and an Oyster card or contactless payment is accepted. Travel time from central London areas typically ranges from 15 to 30 minutes.
-
Bus
Several London bus routes stop near Parliament Square, including routes 11, 24, 148, and 211. Buses provide a scenic approach but can be subject to traffic delays. Typical travel times vary from 20 to 45 minutes depending on your starting point. Contactless payment is accepted on board.
-
Riverboat
For a unique arrival, take a Thames riverboat service to Westminster Pier, located close to the Elizabeth Tower. Services run from central piers like London Eye Pier and Tower Millennium Pier. Travel times range from 20 to 40 minutes. Tickets can be purchased on board or in advance.
-
Walking
If staying nearby, walking to the tower is a pleasant option, with routes through Parliament Square and along the River Thames. Terrain is flat and suitable for most abilities, taking approximately 10 to 20 minutes from central Westminster hotels.
Iconic landmarks you can’t miss
Bridge St
0.0 km
Experience the vibrant heart of London at Bridge Street, where history meets modernity in a lively cultural hub.
Boadicea and Her Daughters
0.1 km
Explore the iconic Boadicea and Her Daughters statue on Victoria Embankment, a symbol of resistance and an artistic marvel amidst London's historical landmarks.
Westminster Hall
0.1 km
Explore Westminster Hall, a stunning historical landmark in London, rich in heritage and architectural beauty, and a vital site of British political history.
Sir Winston Churchill statue
0.1 km
Explore the Sir Winston Churchill Statue in Parliament Square, a poignant tribute to leadership and resilience in the heart of London.
Statue of Oliver Cromwell
0.1 km
Discover the rich history of Oliver Cromwell at his iconic statue in London, a captivating landmark steeped in the stories of England's past.
Parliament Square Garden
0.1 km
Explore the tranquility of Parliament Square Garden, a serene oasis in London's vibrant heart, surrounded by historic landmarks and rich culture.
Parliament Sq
0.2 km
Explore Parliament Square, where iconic landmarks meet rich political history in the heart of London. A must-visit destination for every traveler.
Millicent Garrett Fawcett Statue
0.2 km
Explore the Millicent Garrett Fawcett Statue in London, a monumental tribute to women's suffrage and the ongoing fight for equality.
King Charles Street
0.2 km
Explore King Charles Street, a historic thoroughfare in London showcasing government offices and stunning architecture, steeped in rich political heritage.
Mahatma Gandhi statue
0.2 km
Visit the Mahatma Gandhi statue in Parliament Square, a symbol of peace and non-violence nestled among London's historic landmarks.
King Charles Street Arch
0.2 km
Discover the historical significance and architectural beauty of King Charles Street Arch, a must-visit landmark in London.
Statue of George V
0.2 km
Explore the rich royal heritage at the Statue of George V, a stunning historical landmark in central London.
The Cenotaph
0.2 km
Discover The Cenotaph in London, a poignant war memorial that honors the sacrifices of those who served in the armed forces. A must-visit for history enthusiasts.
Royal Court
0.3 km
Explore the Royal Court, a historical landmark in London that reflects the city's rich royal heritage and stunning architectural beauty.
The Battle of Britain Monument
0.3 km
Explore the Battle of Britain Monument in London, a stunning tribute to heroism and resilience during WWII, rich in history and artistic value.
Unmissable attractions to see
Westminster Millennium Pier
0.1 km
Discover the picturesque views and vibrant atmosphere at Westminster Millennium Pier, a key London attraction along the River Thames.
Westminster Pier
0.1 km
Discover Westminster Pier: A scenic gateway to London's iconic landmarks and breathtaking Thames River experiences.
Palace of Westminster
0.1 km
Discover the architectural splendor and historical significance of the Palace of Westminster, the iconic heart of British democracy in London.
City Cruises London Westminster Pier
0.1 km
Discover the breathtaking beauty of London from the River Thames with unforgettable boat tours and events at Westminster Pier.
St Margaret's Church
0.2 km
Discover the tranquility and historical significance of St Margaret's Church, an Anglican gem near Westminster Abbey in London.
Westminster Bridge
0.2 km
Experience the historic charm and stunning views from Westminster Bridge, an iconic London landmark linking culture and architecture.
The Supreme Court
0.2 km
Discover the grandeur of The Supreme Court in London, where history and justice meet in an architectural marvel.
Westminster Abbey
0.2 km
Explore Westminster Abbey, a stunning Gothic church steeped in British history, architecture, and royal heritage in the heart of London.
Jewel Tower
0.3 km
Explore the Jewel Tower, a captivating historical museum in London that unveils the treasures of the past and the legacy of the British monarchy.
Memorial wall
0.3 km
Explore the Memorial Wall in London, a poignant tribute that honors resilience and fosters reflection amidst the city's vibrant atmosphere.
The Sanctuary
0.3 km
Discover peace in the heart of London at The Sanctuary, a serene retreat amidst the city's vibrant energy.
Churchill War Rooms
0.4 km
Explore the Churchill War Rooms in London, an iconic historical site revealing Winston Churchill's leadership during World War II.
SEA LIFE London Aquarium
0.4 km
Explore the enchanting underwater world at SEA LIFE London Aquarium, where captivating marine life awaits around every corner.
The London Eye Millennium Pier
0.4 km
Discover the breathtaking views and vibrant atmosphere at the London Eye Millennium Pier, your gateway to exploring the heart of London.
Shrek's Adventure London
0.4 km
Discover the enchanting world of Shrek's Adventure London, where interactive storytelling and beloved characters await every visitor.
Essential places to dine
OKAN South Bank
0.5 km
Savor authentic Japanese flavors at OKAN South Bank in London – where culinary tradition meets modern dining.
Troia Southbank
0.5 km
Experience authentic Mediterranean flavors at Troia Southbank - where Greek and Turkish cuisines come together in a vibrant London setting.
The Pem
0.6 km
Experience the best of modern British fine dining at The Pem in London, where exquisite flavors meet elegant ambiance.
Ma La Sichuan
0.6 km
Discover the authentic taste of China at Ma La Sichuan, where bold flavors and vibrant dishes bring the spirit of Sichuan cuisine to life.
Ekstedt at The Yard
0.6 km
Experience authentic Scandinavian fine dining in London at Ekstedt at The Yard, where tradition meets modern culinary artistry.
The Garden
0.7 km
Discover The Garden: An exquisite European dining experience amidst lush greenery in London's vibrant heart.
Osteria dell'Angolo
0.7 km
Experience authentic Italian cuisine at Osteria dell'Angolo in London—where every dish tells a story.
The Northall
0.7 km
Experience exquisite European cuisine at The Northall, London's premier dining destination known for its seasonal ingredients and elegant ambiance.
Caxton Grill
0.7 km
Experience the best of European grill cuisine at Caxton Grill in London – where every meal is a celebration of flavor.
Sapori
0.7 km
Experience authentic Italian flavors at Sapori – where every dish tells a story amidst London's vibrant culinary scene.
Ping Pong Southbank
0.8 km
Experience vibrant Asian fusion cuisine at Ping Pong Southbank—where delightful dim sum meets stunning riverside views in London.
Mio Restaurant & Bar
0.8 km
Savor authentic Italian flavors at Mio Restaurant & Bar in London, known for its delicious pizzas and warm ambiance.
The Archduke
0.8 km
Experience premium steaks and fine wines at The Archduke, a top-notch restaurant near London's South Bank.
wagamama southbank
0.8 km
Discover Wagamama Southbank: where delicious Asian cuisine meets breathtaking riverside views in London's cultural heart.
Strada Southbank
0.8 km
Experience authentic Italian flavors at Strada Southbank in London – where great food meets stunning riverside views.
Markets, malls and hidden boutiques
Jubilee Shop (Houses of Parliament Gift Shop)
0.1 km
Discover unique British souvenirs and gifts at the Jubilee Shop in the iconic Houses of Parliament, a true gem for tourists in London.
Houses of Parliament Shop
0.1 km
Explore the Houses of Parliament Shop for exclusive gifts and souvenirs that capture the essence of British heritage and history.
Westminster Abbey Shop
0.3 km
Discover unique souvenirs and gifts at the Westminster Abbey Shop, a treasure trove of history within the iconic Westminster Abbey.
Browns of London
0.3 km
Explore Browns of London for unique handcrafted gifts and local treasures in the heart of the city, perfect for memorable souvenirs from your travels.
Gift Shop - London Eye Shop
0.5 km
Explore the London Eye Gift Shop for unique souvenirs and exclusive gifts that capture the spirit of London's iconic attraction.
Custom Gifts By Jupiter
0.6 km
Discover unique gifts and personalized treasures at Custom Gifts By Jupiter in London, perfect for souvenirs and special occasions.
Crest of London Ltd
0.7 km
Explore Crest of London Ltd for unique souvenirs and gifts that capture the spirit of London, perfect for any visitor wanting to remember their trip.
Southbank Centre Shop, Mandela Walk
0.7 km
Discover unique homewares and gifts at the Southbank Centre Shop, a cultural gem along London's vibrant Southbank.
Gifts of London
0.8 km
Discover unique souvenirs and gifts that embody the spirit of London at Gifts of London, your perfect shopping destination.
The Giftree London
0.9 km
Discover unique souvenirs, clothing, and local treasures at The Giftree London, your one-stop shop for unforgettable London memories.
Alice Through The Looking Glass
1.1 km
Discover a magical gift shop in London, filled with antiques, rare books, and whimsical art inspired by Alice's adventures.
Cool Britania
1.2 km
Discover unique British gifts and souvenirs at Cool Britania, the ultimate gift shop in the heart of London near Leicester Square.
Unique Britain
1.2 km
Explore Unique Britain for authentic souvenirs that reflect the heart of British culture, all at reasonable prices in the heart of London.
M&M'S London
1.2 km
Experience the colorful world of M&M'S London, where candy dreams come true with personalized treats and vibrant merchandise.
Cardinal Place
1.2 km
Experience the ultimate shopping and dining destination at Cardinal Place, London’s vibrant commercial hub near Victoria Station.
Essential bars & hidden hideouts
The Red Lion, Parliament Street
0.2 km
Experience the charm of a historic pub in Westminster, The Red Lion offers delicious British cuisine and a vibrant atmosphere near iconic landmarks.
Westminster Arms
0.4 km
Discover the charm of Westminster Arms, a traditional pub in London, offering delicious food, local drinks, and a vibrant atmosphere for tourists.
Le Champagne Bar
0.5 km
Discover the elegant ambiance and exquisite champagne selection at Le Champagne Bar, overlooking London's iconic Thames River.
Two Chairmen
0.5 km
Experience the heart of London at The Two Chairmen Pub, where tradition meets modern dining in a vibrant atmosphere.
Blue Boar Pub
0.5 km
Discover the quintessential British pub experience at Blue Boar Pub in the heart of London, offering traditional dishes and a cozy atmosphere.
Primo Bar, London
0.5 km
Discover the stylish Primo Bar in London, a top destination for craft cocktails and a vibrant nightlife experience near iconic landmarks.
The Spy Bar
0.6 km
Discover The Spy Bar in London: where exquisite cocktails and a chic ambiance meet for an unforgettable nightlife experience.
All Bar One Waterloo
0.6 km
Discover the vibrant atmosphere of All Bar One Waterloo, your go-to wine bar in London, offering an exquisite selection of wines and delicious food.
Slug & Lettuce - County Hall
0.6 km
Discover the lively Slug & Lettuce - County Hall, a cocktail bar and restaurant in London offering delicious food and handcrafted drinks in a vibrant atmosphere.
The Thirsty Farrier Cocktail Bar
0.6 km
Discover The Thirsty Farrier Cocktail Bar, a vibrant London hotspot offering unique cocktails and a cozy atmosphere for the perfect night out.
Bar @ 26 Leake Street
0.7 km
Discover the vibrant cocktail culture at Bar @ 26 Leake Street, London's premier spot for unique drinks and an unforgettable atmosphere.
Old Shades
0.7 km
Discover Old Shades, a historic pub in London offering unique cask ales and delicious Sunday roasts in a welcoming atmosphere.
Waterloo Lost Property Office Speakeasy
0.7 km
Discover the elusive Waterloo Lost Property Office Speakeasy, where exceptional cocktails meet a unique hidden ambiance in the heart of London.
Adam & Eve
0.8 km
Experience the authentic British pub culture at Adam & Eve, where great food and drinks meet a vibrant London atmosphere.
Southbank Centre, Members Bar
0.8 km
Discover refined wine experiences at the Southbank Centre Members Bar, a stylish retreat for wine lovers in London’s vibrant cultural scene.
