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Kabul Fortress: A Historic Citadel

Explore the historic Kabul Fortress, an ancient citadel with a rich history as a royal palace, military stronghold, and focal point in Afghan history.

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The Kabul Fortress, also known as Bala Hissar ('High Fort'), is an ancient citadel with origins tracing back to the 5th century AD. Situated on a strategic hill, it has served as a royal palace, military stronghold, and focal point for Afghan history [2, 3]. Though largely destroyed in 1880, it remains a significant historical site [2, 3, 12].

A brief summary to Kabul Fortress

  • G54R+9FR, Kabul, AF

Local tips

  • Check local conditions and security updates before visiting, as accessibility may vary [2].
  • Dress respectfully, as the fortress is a site of historical and cultural significance [2].
  • Photography may be restricted in certain areas, especially near military installations [2].
  • Hire a local guide to learn more about the history and significance of the fortress [2].
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Getting There

  • Taxi/Ride-Share

    From most locations in central Kabul, the most practical way to reach Kabul Fortress is by taxi or ride-sharing service [2]. A short taxi ride from the city center, such as from Pashtunistan Square, will typically cost between 150 to 200 AFN, depending on traffic and negotiation [2]. Be sure to agree on the fare before starting your journey [2]. The ride should take approximately 10-15 minutes, depending on traffic conditions [2]. Inform the driver you wish to go to Qale'H-Ye-Balahissar [2].

  • Public Transport

    Alternatively, you can use public transport [2]. Take a Millie Bus towards the Kabul-Gardez Highway [2]. The fare is around 20 AFN [2, 5]. From the drop-off point on the highway, you may need to walk a bit or take a short taxi ride (approx. 100 AFN) to the fortress entrance [2]. This option is more budget-friendly but less direct [2].

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Discover more about Kabul Fortress

Kabul Fortress, or Bala Hissar, is an ancient and historically significant citadel located in Kabul, Afghanistan [2]. Its origins trace back to around the 5th century AD, with archaeological findings suggesting settlements as far back as the 6th century BCE [2, 3]. The fortress sits on a strategic hill at the southern edge of old Kabul, offering views of the city and surrounding landscape [2, 3, 4]. Throughout its history, Bala Hissar has been a royal palace, a military stronghold, and a focal point for pivotal events in Afghan and regional history [2]. It was conquered by Babur, founder of the Mughal Empire, in 1504 [2, 3]. Under Mughal rule, it became the primary residence of the governor of Kabul, expanded with palaces, audience halls, and gardens [2, 3]. Following the decline of the Mughal Empire, Bala Hissar fell into various hands, including Persians and the Durranis [2, 3]. In 1773, Timur Shah Durrani shifted the Durrani capital to Kabul and occupied the fortress, rebuilding a palace and using the upper part as a state prison and arsenal [2]. His successor, Shah Shuja Durrani, further developed the fortress, replacing many earlier Mughal constructions [2, 3]. As Kabul's principal fortress, Bala Hissar was the stage for critical events during the First and Second Anglo-Afghan Wars [2, 3]. The British destroyed much of the fortress in 1880 during the Second Anglo-Afghan War [2, 3, 12]. Today, Bala Hissar remains an Afghan military base, with its perimeter fence encompassing nearly the whole of the former fortress [4]. While little remains above ground, the site has archaeological potential [4].

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