Southeast Alaska, Alaska Travel Guide

Southeast Alaska is most commonly accessed via air or sea. The primary entry point by air is Juneau International Airport (JNU), which has regular flights from major cities like Seattle and Anchorage. For those who prefer sea travel, the Alaska Marine Highway System (AMHS) offers ferry services connecting various ports in Southeast Alaska, including Juneau, Ketchikan, and Sitka. Cruise ships also frequently visit the region during the summer months, providing a scenic and leisurely travel option.

Within Southeast Alaska, transportation options vary depending on your location. In larger towns like Juneau and Ketchikan, public buses and taxis are readily available. Renting a car is another viable option, especially if you plan to explore areas outside of town. For inter-town travel, the AMHS ferries are a convenient way to move between communities. Additionally, small planes and seaplanes operate between many of the smaller towns and villages, offering a quicker but more expensive mode of transport.

The official currency in Southeast Alaska is the US Dollar (USD). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and shops across the region. However, it's advisable to carry some cash, especially if you plan to visit more remote areas where card readers may not be available. ATMs are accessible in most larger towns, allowing you to withdraw cash as needed.

Southeast Alaska is generally considered safe for tourists, with low crime rates. However, it's always wise to take standard precautions. Avoid isolated areas at night and be cautious with your belongings in crowded places. There are no specific neighborhoods with high crime rates targeting tourists, but staying vigilant is always a good practice. When engaging in outdoor activities, be mindful of wildlife and follow local guidelines to ensure your safety.

In case of an emergency, dial 911 for immediate assistance. Southeast Alaska towns typically have local police stations and medical facilities. Travel insurance that covers medical emergencies is recommended. For minor health issues, pharmacies are available in larger towns where you can purchase over-the-counter medications. In remote areas, emergency services might take longer to reach, so always be prepared and carry a first-aid kit.

Fashion: Do dress in layers, as the weather can change rapidly. Waterproof clothing is essential. Avoid wearing overly flashy or formal attire. Religion: Do respect local customs and practices, particularly those of the indigenous Tlingit, Haida, and Tsimshian peoples. Public Transport: Do be courteous to drivers and other passengers. Don't be loud or disruptive. Greetings: Do greet people with a friendly smile and handshake. Locals appreciate politeness. Eating & Drinking: Do try local seafood and other delicacies. Don't waste food, as it is considered disrespectful.

To experience Southeast Alaska like a local, visit local markets and try fresh seafood, particularly salmon and halibut. Participate in community events and festivals to get a sense of local culture. Engage with locals, who are generally friendly and willing to share insights about the area's history and traditions. For a unique experience, take a guided tour to learn about the region's rich Native American heritage. Explore the area's natural beauty by hiking, kayaking, or taking a boat tour to see glaciers and wildlife.

Long before European explorers set foot in Southeast Alaska, the Tlingit and Haida peoples had established rich and complex societies in the region. The Tlingit, known for their totem poles, clan houses, and potlatch ceremonies, have inhabited the coastal areas for thousands of years. The Haida, skilled in seafaring and known for their elaborate art and architecture, primarily settled on the islands of what is now known as the Alexander Archipelago. Both cultures have a deep connection to the land and sea, with traditions, languages, and practices that continue to influence the region today.

The late 18th century saw the arrival of European explorers in Southeast Alaska. Notable among them was Captain James Cook, who sailed along the coast in 1778. However, it was the Spanish explorer, Alejandro Malaspina, who conducted one of the most comprehensive surveys of the region in 1791. The arrival of Europeans brought significant changes, including the introduction of new trade goods, diseases, and eventually, the establishment of trading posts and settlements.

In the early 19th century, Russian traders established a foothold in Southeast Alaska, driven by the lucrative fur trade, particularly sea otter pelts. The Russian-American Company, founded by the Russian Empire, built several outposts, with Sitka becoming the capital of Russian America in 1808. The influence of Russian culture can still be seen in the region, particularly in the architecture and the Russian Orthodox Church, which has a presence in several communities.

In 1867, the United States purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million, a transaction often referred to as 'Seward's Folly' after U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward, who negotiated the deal. The acquisition marked the beginning of a new era for Southeast Alaska, as American settlers began to move into the region, seeking opportunities in fishing, mining, and logging. The transfer of power was formally conducted in Sitka, which remained a key administrative center for the new American territory.

The Klondike Gold Rush of the late 1890s had a profound impact on Southeast Alaska. Thousands of prospectors passed through the region on their way to the goldfields of the Yukon, with ports like Skagway and Dyea becoming bustling hubs of activity. The influx of people and goods led to the rapid development of infrastructure, including the construction of the White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad. Although the gold rush was relatively short-lived, its legacy is still evident in the historic buildings and vibrant cultural heritage of towns like Skagway.

World War II brought significant military activity to Southeast Alaska, as the U.S. sought to secure its northern territories against potential threats. The construction of the Alaska Highway, primarily to facilitate the movement of troops and supplies, had a lasting impact on the region's connectivity. Additionally, the establishment of military bases and airfields, such as those on Annette Island and in Sitka, introduced new infrastructure and economic opportunities. The war years also saw increased interaction between Native Alaskans and the military, leading to social and cultural changes.

Today, Southeast Alaska is a vibrant region that balances its rich cultural heritage with contemporary development. The fishing and tourism industries play a significant role in the local economy, drawing visitors from around the world to experience the natural beauty and cultural richness of the area. The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971 has also empowered Native communities by granting land and financial resources, leading to a resurgence of cultural pride and economic development. Modern Southeast Alaska is a testament to the resilience and adaptability of its people, echoing the stories of those who have called this place home for millennia.