Saranta Kolones: A Ruined Fortress Echoing with History

Saranta Kolones, meaning 'Forty Columns' in Greek, is a ruined medieval fortress steeped in history, located in the Paphos Archaeological Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Situated just north of Paphos Harbour, the fortress derives its name from the numerous granite columns discovered on the site, believed to have been part of the ancient agora. Constructed in the late 7th century AD by the Byzantines, Saranta Kolones served as a crucial defensive structure, safeguarding the port and city of Nea Paphos from Arab incursions. Later, the Lusignans, a French royal house that ruled Cyprus, remodeled the castle, adding to its fortifications. The fortress was encircled by a formidable three-meter-thick wall, reinforced with eight towers and a protective moat, accessible via a wooden bridge. The square courtyard measured 35 meters in length and width, featuring a tower at each corner, with the main entrance through a horseshoe-shaped tower on the east side. In 1222, a devastating earthquake struck, leading to the castle's destruction and subsequent abandonment. Today, the ruins of Saranta Kolones offer visitors a captivating journey into the past. Excavations have unveiled architectural remnants and artifacts, providing insights into the castle's design and the lives of its defenders. Exploring the site allows one to walk in the footsteps of those who once protected Paphos, while enjoying panoramic views of the harbor and surrounding area.