Khikhani Fortress: A Medieval Marvel in the Clouds
Explore the ruins of Khikhani Fortress in Georgia's Adjara mountains, a medieval stronghold offering history, stunning views, and a challenging hike.
Khikhani Fortress, also known as Khirkhati Fortress, stands as a testament to Georgia's rich medieval past. Located in the upper village of Tkhilvana in the Khulo municipality, the fortress sits atop a steep, rocky cliff at an elevation of 2,236 meters. Historians believe it was constructed between the 10th and 13th centuries, serving as a strategic point to watch over trade routes and provide shelter during times of war. Khikhani Fortress was the main residence of the noble Abuseridze family. Legend connects its construction to Queen Tamar, Georgia's only female king, also lending the structure its other name: Tamar's Fortress. The fortress played a significant role in the region's defense, offering refuge to Georgian nobles when enemies attacked Tbilisi and Gori. It even served as a hiding place for Selim Khimshiashvili during his fight against the Ottoman Empire. Today, visitors can explore the ruins of this once-impregnable fortress. Among the remnants are four rectangular towers, sections of the curtain wall, a bakery, a wine cellar, a water well, and the remains of St. George's Church. Archaeological excavations have unearthed artifacts dating back to the 11th-13th centuries, including 43 clay pots in the wine cellar. The journey to Khikhani Fortress is an adventure in itself. The final approach involves a challenging hike, but the panoramic views of the surrounding Skhalta Gorge make it worthwhile.
Local tips
- The best time to visit is between May and October, as winter conditions can make the road to Khikhani difficult or impossible.
- Bring your ID or passport, as the fortress is located in a border zone and you may need to register at the border service building.
- Wear sturdy hiking shoes and be prepared for a steep, challenging climb to the fortress.
- Consider camping at the fortress for an unforgettable experience under the stars, but be mindful of fire safety.
A brief summary to Khikhani Fortress
- GHR8+M38, Bako, GE
- Monday 9 am-5 pm
- Tuesday 9 am-5 pm
- Wednesday 9 am-5 pm
- Thursday 9 am-5 pm
- Friday 9 am-5 pm
- Saturday 9 am-5 pm
- Sunday 9 am-5 pm
Getting There
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Public Transport
From Batumi, take a marshrutka (minibus) to Khulo from the old bus station. The ride costs approximately 6 GEL. From Khulo, hire a jeep or taxi to the village of Bako, the closest point reachable by car. From Bako, it's a challenging 4 km hike with a 900m elevation gain to the fortress. Alternatively, a marshrutka from Batumi to Khikhadziri is available daily at 10:00 AM. From Khikhadziri, you can walk or rent a jeep (50-60 GEL) to a picnic area, followed by a 1.5 km uphill hike to the fortress.
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Walking
From the village of Bako, the hike to Khikhani Fortress is approximately 4 km and involves a steep ascent of 900 meters. The trail is challenging and requires physical fitness. The path has been restored with 254 steps and 14 ladders in difficult areas. Allow at least 2 hours for the ascent. Ensure you have appropriate footwear and plenty of water.
