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Kurdistan Erbil: A Blend of Ancient History and Modernity

Explore Erbil: Discover ancient history, vibrant culture, and modern attractions in the heart of Iraqi Kurdistan.

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Erbil, the capital of Iraqi Kurdistan, is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, dating back to 6000 BC. The city offers a unique blend of ancient historical sites, a bustling modern city center, and the welcoming culture of the Kurdish people.

A brief summary to Kurdistan erbil

  • Irbil، Qalate nwe, Hawleri, Erbil Governorate, IQ

Local tips

  • Bargain respectfully when shopping in the Qaysari Bazaar to get the best prices on souvenirs and local goods.
  • Dress modestly when visiting religious sites such as the Jalil Khayat Mosque.
  • Try the local Kurdish tea at a traditional teahouse for an authentic cultural experience.
  • Visit the main square in the evening to experience the lively atmosphere and interact with locals.
  • Exchange currency to Iraqi Dinars (IQD) for smaller transactions, although US dollars are also widely accepted.
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Getting There

  • Taxi

    Taxis are a readily available and convenient way to reach Kurdistan Erbil. From most locations within Erbil, a taxi to the Qaysari Bazaar area near Kurdistan Erbil should cost between 4,000 to 13,000 IQD, depending on the distance and traffic. Negotiate the fare before starting your journey. Note that taxi fares from Erbil International Airport to the city center are typically a fixed rate of around 15 USD. As of 2025, taxi fares in Erbil start at 2.1 USD, with an additional 2.0 USD per kilometer. A 5km ride would cost approximately 12.1 USD.

  • Public Transport

    While Erbil has a developing public transportation system, buses and shared taxis are available. Bus fares are approximately 0.35 USD. However, taxis are generally the preferred mode of transport for visitors. Use transit apps for bus routes and schedules.

  • Walking

    Once you are in the city center, walking is a great way to explore the area around Kurdistan Erbil, including the Citadel and the Qaysari Bazaar. Be aware of the weather conditions, as summers can be very hot.

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Discover more about Kurdistan erbil

Erbil, also known as Hawler in Kurdish, is a city steeped in history and culture, serving as the capital of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. With a history spanning over 8,000 years, Erbil stands as one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. The city's strategic location has made it a crossroads of civilizations, with influences from the Sumerians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, Romans, and Ottomans. The heart of Erbil is marked by the ancient Erbil Citadel, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that rises dramatically from the city center. This architectural mound, or 'tell,' is a testament to the countless generations who have built and rebuilt upon it. The Citadel offers panoramic views of the sprawling modern city, which has grown rapidly in recent years, becoming a business hub with modern shopping malls and a large expat community. Around the Citadel, visitors can explore the vibrant Qaysari Bazaar, a historic covered market filled with the sights, sounds, and smells of Kurdish culture. Here, you can find everything from spices and jewelry to carpets and traditional clothing. The central square, located at the foot of the Citadel, is a popular meeting place for locals and tourists alike, offering a chance to experience the warmth and hospitality of the Kurdish people. Don't miss the opportunity to visit the traditional teahouses, such as Mam Khalil Tea House, a city institution since 1952. Beyond the historical center, Erbil boasts modern attractions such as the Jalil Khayat Mosque, a stunning example of Islamic architecture. The city also offers green spaces like Sami Abdulrahman Park, providing a respite from the urban bustle. Erbil is a safe and welcoming city, offering a unique travel experience for those seeking to explore the rich history and culture of Iraqi Kurdistan.

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