Underground Naples: A Journey Through Millennia

Beneath the bustling streets of Naples lies a hidden city, a labyrinth of tunnels and chambers known as Underground Naples (Napoli Sotterranea). This subterranean world offers a fascinating glimpse into over 2,400 years of history, from the ancient Greeks to World War II. The story begins in the 4th century BCE when the Greeks quarried volcanic tuff stone to build Neapolis, the 'new city'. These excavations created vast cavities that were later transformed by the Romans into an intricate system of aqueducts and cisterns, providing fresh water to the city. The Romans also constructed structures such as a marketplace and a theater. Over the centuries, the underground network was expanded and repurposed. During World War II, the tunnels served as air-raid shelters, protecting the city's residents from devastating bombings. Today, visitors can still see remnants of this era, including furniture and graffiti left behind by those who sought refuge. Exploring Underground Naples is a unique and unforgettable experience. Tours typically begin at Piazza San Gaetano, in the heart of Naples' historic center. Descend 136 steps to discover Greek cisterns and medieval tunnels. Highlights include the ancient Greek aqueducts, the remains of a Roman theater (used by Emperor Nero), and the War Museum. The tunnels and subterranean storage systems reach a depth of up to 40 meters (approximately 130 feet) beneath the city's surface. The temperature underground is several degrees cooler than outdoors, so dress accordingly. Comfortable footwear is recommended, as the tour involves some gentle slopes and steps.