Tōji Temple: Kyoto's Eastern Temple and Towering Pagoda

Tōji Temple, officially Kyō-ō-gokoku-ji, stands as a testament to Kyoto's rich history and cultural heritage. Founded in 796, shortly after the capital moved to Kyoto, it served as one of the city's guardian temples. Tōji, meaning 'East Temple,' once had a partner, Saiji ('West Temple'), but only Tōji remains today. In 823, Kōbō Daishi, the founder of Shingon Buddhism in Japan, was appointed head priest, transforming Tōji into a vital center for Shingon teachings. Many of the temple's current structures were added under his guidance. The temple was rebuilt in the early Edo Period, retaining its Heian-era layout. The five-story pagoda, rising 54.8 meters (approximately 180 feet), is the tallest wooden pagoda in Japan and a symbol of Kyoto. Originally built in 826, it was rebuilt in 1644 after multiple fires. The pagoda's base is occasionally open to the public, housing smaller Buddha statues. The Kondo Hall, the temple's main hall, houses a wooden statue of Yakushi Buddha, flanked by Nikko and Gakko Bodhisattvas. The Kodo Hall features 19 statues brought from China by Kobo Daishi, arranged in a mandala. The Miedo Hall is dedicated to Kobo Daishi. The Homotsukan Museum displays Buddhist statues and artifacts during specific periods. Tōji's grounds also feature a garden and pond with turtles and koi. A popular flea market is held on the 21st of each month, offering a variety of goods.