The Founding of Bartlesville
Bartlesville's origins date back to the 1870s, when it was a small settlement known as Bartles Town, named after Jacob Bartles, a trader and businessman who established a trading post and a gristmill on the Caney River. Bartlesville officially became a city in 1897, following the arrival of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway, which spurred its growth and development.
The Birth of the Oil Industry
Bartlesville is often referred to as the birthplace of the Oklahoma oil industry. In 1897, oil was discovered on the Nellie Johnstone No. 1 well, making it the first commercial oil well in what would become the state of Oklahoma. This discovery attracted numerous oilmen and businesses, transforming Bartlesville into a bustling oil town.
Frank Phillips and Phillips Petroleum Company
Frank Phillips, a key figure in Bartlesville's history, founded the Phillips Petroleum Company in 1917. The company, headquartered in Bartlesville, played a significant role in the global oil industry. Under Phillips' leadership, the company expanded rapidly, and Bartlesville became a central hub for oil and gas innovation and commerce.
The Great Depression and Recovery
Like many American towns, Bartlesville faced challenges during the Great Depression of the 1930s. However, the city's strong ties to the oil industry helped it recover more quickly than many other areas. The New Deal programs also provided much-needed relief and employment, aiding in the city's recovery and subsequent growth.
The Price Tower
One of Bartlesville's most recognizable landmarks is the Price Tower, designed by the famed architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Completed in 1956, the 19-story tower is one of Wright's only realized skyscrapers. Originally built for the H.C. Price Company, the building now serves as a mixed-use facility, housing an art center, hotel, and restaurant.
Cultural and Artistic Developments
Bartlesville has a rich cultural scene, highlighted by its annual OK Mozart International Festival, which began in 1985. The city is also home to several museums, including the Bartlesville Area History Museum and the Phillips Petroleum Company Museum, both of which offer insights into the city's storied past and its contributions to the oil industry.
Modern Bartlesville
Today, Bartlesville is a thriving city that balances its historical roots with modern developments. It continues to be a center for the oil and gas industry while also embracing new technologies and industries. The city's historic downtown area is a blend of preserved historical buildings and contemporary businesses, reflecting its dynamic evolution.