Grassmarket: Edinburgh’s Historic Heartbeat Beneath the Castle
Historic Edinburgh square blending medieval markets, dark past, and vibrant modern culture beneath the iconic castle.
Nestled in Edinburgh’s Old Town, the Grassmarket is a vibrant cobblestone square with over 500 years of history. Once a bustling medieval marketplace and site of public executions, it now thrives as a lively hub of pubs, shops, and cultural events, all set against the dramatic backdrop of Edinburgh Castle. Visitors can explore its rich layers of history, from medieval foundations to Victorian renovations, while enjoying panoramic views and a dynamic atmosphere.
A brief summary to Grassmarket
- Edinburgh, GB
- Duration: 1 to 3 hours
- Mid ranged
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Outdoor
- Mobile reception: 4 out of 5
Local tips
- Visit the Martyrs’ Memorial near the White Hart Inn to reflect on the Covenanters executed here.
- Explore the hidden medieval cellars beneath some buildings for a glimpse into the past.
- Enjoy panoramic views of Edinburgh Castle from the square’s many pubs and restaurants.
- Attend the weekly Saturday market for fresh local produce and unique handmade crafts.
- Take a guided ghost or history tour to uncover the darker stories of the Grassmarket.
For the on-the-go comforts that matter to you
- Restrooms
- Drink Options
- Food Options
- Seating Areas
- Trash Bins
- Information Boards
Getting There
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Bus
Lothian Buses routes 8, 27, and 41 serve stops near the Grassmarket, with a 10-15 minute walk over cobblestones to the square. Tickets cost around £1.80–£2.00 per journey, with frequent service throughout the day.
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Walking
From Edinburgh Waverley Station, a 20-minute walk through the Old Town brings you to the Grassmarket via mostly paved and cobbled streets. The terrain is uneven in places, so comfortable footwear is recommended.
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Tour Bus
City sightseeing buses include the Grassmarket on their routes, offering hop-on-hop-off options with commentary. Tickets range from £15 to £25 for a day pass, providing a convenient way to explore multiple city highlights.
Grassmarket location weather suitability
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Any Weather
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Rain / Wet Weather
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Clear Skies
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Mild Temperatures
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Windy Conditions
Discover more about Grassmarket
A Marketplace Through the Centuries
The Grassmarket’s origins date back to 1477 when it was granted a weekly market charter, becoming Edinburgh’s primary livestock and goods market. The wide cobbled square was designed to accommodate trading of cattle, grain, and other commodities, with some original cobblestones still visible today. Its name reflects the grassy pasture where animals once grazed. Over centuries, the area evolved alongside the city, witnessing medieval commerce, fairs, and public gatherings that shaped Edinburgh’s mercantile life.Shadowed by History: Executions and Riots
Despite its commercial vibrancy, the Grassmarket bears a darker legacy as Edinburgh’s main execution site from the 17th to 18th centuries. The gallows stood near the White Hart Inn, where over 100 Covenanters were martyred. The infamous Porteous Riots of 1736, sparked by public outrage over a controversial pardon, culminated in the lynching of Captain John Porteous right here. Tales like that of Maggie Dickson, the “Half-Hangit” woman who survived her hanging, add to the area's grim yet fascinating lore.Architectural Layers and Urban Character
Surrounding the square are buildings that tell Edinburgh’s architectural story. Medieval cellars and foundations lie beneath Victorian facades from 19th-century improvements, blending history with modern use. Iron rings in walls mark where horses were tethered, and carved initials whisper stories of past builders. The area’s restoration balances preservation with contemporary vibrancy, making it a living showcase of Edinburgh’s urban evolution.A Hub of Culture and Social Life
Today, the Grassmarket pulses with life as a cultural and social hotspot. Traditional pubs dating back centuries share the space with trendy restaurants, boutique shops, and weekly markets selling local produce and crafts. It hosts numerous events, especially during Edinburgh’s famous festivals, where street performers and open-air dining enliven the square. The views of Edinburgh Castle from here are iconic, framing the historic ambiance with majestic scenery.Stories and Legends That Endure
Beyond history, the Grassmarket is rich with stories—from notorious criminals Burke and Hare, who frequented local inns, to the Bronze Age traces uncovered beneath its surface. Its transformation from a grim execution ground to a vibrant social quarter exemplifies Edinburgh’s resilience and charm. Visitors can discover hidden details like the ancient well beneath the square or the memorials commemorating those who shaped its past.Experiencing the Grassmarket Today
Walking through the Grassmarket, you sense the blend of old and new, where every cobblestone echoes tales of commerce, justice, and community. The lively atmosphere invites exploration, whether through historic tours, sampling local fare, or simply soaking in the panoramic views. It remains a quintessential Edinburgh experience, offering a window into the city’s soul and an enduring connection to its storied past.Iconic landmarks you can’t miss
Flodden Wall
0.1 km
Explore Edinburgh’s medieval Flodden Wall, a historic sandstone fortification built after 1513 to protect the city and shape its iconic Old Town skyline.
Pont George Ⅳ
0.3 km
Historic elevated street and bridge connecting Edinburgh’s South Side to Old and New Towns, rich in architecture, culture, and city views.
George IV Bridge
0.3 km
Historic elevated street connecting Old Town to the South Side, lined with Victorian architecture and cultural institutions.
Greyfriars Bobby Statue
0.3 km
Discover the heartwarming tale of Greyfriars Bobby, Edinburgh’s beloved loyal Skye Terrier immortalized in bronze near Greyfriars Kirkyard.
Lady Stair's House
0.3 km
Explore Lady Stair's House: A historic 17th-century building in Edinburgh celebrating Scotland's rich literary heritage and home to the Scottish Poetry Library.
The Writers' Museum
0.3 km
Explore The Writers' Museum in Edinburgh, a tribute to Scotland's literary greats and a treasure trove for literature lovers seeking inspiration.
The Mound & Mound Place
0.3 km
Historic artificial slope linking Edinburgh’s Old and New Towns, home to iconic galleries, grand architecture, and vibrant cultural life.
Lady Stair's Close
0.3 km
Discover Lady Stair's Close, a serene historic courtyard in Edinburgh's Old Town, home to the Writers' Museum and Scotland’s literary heritage.
David Hume Statue
0.3 km
A striking bronze tribute to philosopher David Hume, blending classical imagery with Edinburgh’s Enlightenment heritage and a toe-rubbing tradition for luck.
National Museum of Scotland
0.3 km
Discover Scotland's rich heritage at the National Museum of Scotland, an engaging cultural hub showcasing the nation's history and identity.
Statue Of Fifth Duke Of Buccleuch
0.4 km
Explore the historical beauty of Edinburgh with a visit to the Statue of the Fifth Duke of Buccleuch, a remarkable sculpture steeped in Scottish heritage.
Heart of Midlothian Mosaic
0.4 km
Discover Edinburgh’s iconic Heart of Midlothian mosaic—a historic symbol of justice, tradition, and local lore on the Royal Mile.
Supreme Courts
0.4 km
Explore Scotland’s historic Supreme Courts housed in Edinburgh’s iconic Parliament House, a living symbol of justice since 1532.
St Giles' Cathedral
0.4 km
Discover the architectural beauty and historical significance of St Giles' Cathedral, a must-visit landmark in the heart of Edinburgh.
Parliament Sqr
0.4 km
Experience the historic charm and vibrant culture of Edinburgh's Parliament Square, a must-visit destination in Scotland's capital city.
Unmissable attractions to see
61 Grassmarket
0.0 km
Historic 61 Grassmarket in Edinburgh’s Old Town blends centuries of market heritage, dramatic history, and vibrant culture beneath Edinburgh Castle’s watchful gaze.
The Comedy Attic
0.1 km
Experience Edinburgh’s vibrant comedy scene in the intimate attic of the historic Beehive Inn with top comedians and lively atmosphere.
21 Grassmarket
0.1 km
Experience Edinburgh’s historic Grassmarket: a lively medieval marketplace beneath the castle, rich in stories, culture, and timeless charm.
The Vennel Viewpoint Edinburgh Castle
0.1 km
Discover a tranquil, iconic viewpoint offering stunning, close-up views of Edinburgh Castle framed by historic Old Town charm.
The Scotch Whisky Experience
0.2 km
Discover Scotland’s whisky heritage through immersive tours, tastings, and one of the world’s largest Scotch whisky collections on Edinburgh’s Royal Mile.
Thomas Riddell's Grave
0.2 km
Discover the grave that inspired Lord Voldemort’s name in Edinburgh’s historic Greyfriars Kirkyard, a must-visit for Harry Potter fans and history enthusiasts alike.
The Cadies & Witchery Tours
0.2 km
Discover Edinburgh’s dark past through thrilling, theatrical walking tours blending history, mystery, and spooky fun on Victoria Street.
The Witches Well
0.2 km
Explore The Witches Well in Edinburgh, a historical landmark steeped in folklore, offering a captivating glimpse into the city's dark past.
Camera Obscura & World of Illusions
0.2 km
Explore Edinburgh’s historic Camera Obscura and five floors of mind-bending illusions with stunning rooftop views of the city.
Tartan Weaving Mill and Exhibition
0.2 km
Explore authentic Scottish tartans, handwoven textiles, and bespoke kilts in Edinburgh’s historic Royal Mile weaving mill.
The India Cross
0.2 km
A solemn Celtic cross memorial honoring the 78th Highlanders who fell during the Indian Rebellion, set against Edinburgh Castle’s historic Esplanade.
I.J. Mellis Cheesemonger Victoria Street
0.2 km
Artisan cheese haven on Edinburgh’s historic Victoria Street, offering expertly matured farmhouse cheeses and personalized service for over 30 years.
Forward and Half Moon Battery
0.2 km
Historic artillery batteries shaping Edinburgh Castle’s iconic silhouette with panoramic city views and centuries of military heritage.
Royal Palace
0.2 km
Explore the Royal Palace of Edinburgh, a majestic historical landmark rich in Scottish heritage and royal history, offering breathtaking views and captivating exhibitions.
Great Hall
0.2 km
Step into the majestic Great Hall of Edinburgh Castle, a stunning medieval chamber showcasing royal history, architecture, and armory.
Essential places to dine
Beehive Inn
0.1 km
Historic pub and vibrant entertainment venue in Edinburgh’s Grassmarket, blending traditional Scottish charm with lively dining and comedy events.
Amber Restaurant
0.2 km
Experience Scotland’s finest seasonal cuisine expertly paired with over 550 whiskies in the warm, amber-lit heart of Edinburgh’s Royal Mile.
The Witchery by the Castle
0.2 km
A sumptuous gothic retreat on Edinburgh’s Royal Mile, blending historic grandeur with romantic luxury and award-winning Scottish cuisine.
Maison Bleue
0.2 km
French-Moroccan dining in a historic Old Town setting with striking design and exceptional value.
Howies Restaurant
0.2 km
Historic charm meets fresh Scottish flavors on Edinburgh’s iconic Victoria Street, offering seasonal dishes in a warm, relaxed setting.
Under The Stairs
0.2 km
Discover Edinburgh’s cozy underground gem blending rustic charm, creative plates, and vibrant cocktails beneath George IV Bridge.
Divino Enoteca Italian Restaurant & Wine Bar
0.3 km
Elegant Italian dining and wine bar in Edinburgh’s Old Town, blending authentic flavors with a cozy, romantic ambiance.
The Outsider Restaurant
0.3 km
Savor creative European cuisine with unbeatable Edinburgh Castle views in a lively, modern setting on George IV Bridge.
Ondine Restaurant
0.3 km
Edinburgh’s stylish seafood haven offering sustainable shellfish, fresh oysters, and elegant dining in a vibrant Old Town setting.
The Cellar Door
0.3 km
Discover modern Scottish cuisine in a cozy, historic underground setting beneath George IV Bridge in Edinburgh’s Old Town.
Whiski Rooms
0.3 km
Experience authentic Scottish cuisine and an extensive whisky selection at Whiski Rooms in Edinburgh's city center.
Makars Mash Bar
0.3 km
Scotland's beloved mash bar where premium Scottish meats meet nine distinctive potato creations.
MUMS Great Comfort Food
0.4 km
Hearty Scottish comfort food served all day in a cozy diner setting with vegan options and locally sourced ingredients.
TIMBERYARD
0.4 km
Michelin-starred Modern British dining in a historic Edinburgh warehouse with seasonal, locally sourced cuisine and a celebrated natural wine cellar.
Angels with Bagpipes
0.4 km
Innovative Scottish small plates and seasonal delights in a cozy Old Town setting on Edinburgh’s historic Royal Mile.
Markets, malls and hidden boutiques
Armstrongs Vintage
0.1 km
Edinburgh's iconic vintage emporium in Grassmarket, brimming with bohemian dresses, chunky knits, and timeless treasures from decades past.
Godiva
0.1 km
Discover Edinburgh’s premier independent boutique blending vintage treasures with ethical, locally designed fashion in the heart of Grassmarket.
Mr Wood's Fossils
0.1 km
Discover rare fossils, minerals, and meteorites in Edinburgh’s iconic shop founded by legendary fossil hunter Stan Wood.
The Enchanted Galaxy
0.2 km
Dive into a wizarding wonderland on Victoria Street, where Harry Potter treasures and fantasy fandoms burst from every shelf in Edinburgh's most enchanting gift shop.
The Court Curio Shop
0.2 km
Discover unique Scottish gifts and artisan jewellery in the heart of Edinburgh’s historic Royal Mile at The Court Curio Shop.
Portcullis Gift Shop
0.3 km
Edinburgh Castle’s largest gift shop, offering exclusive Scottish crafts, clan gifts, and souvenirs in a historic setting.
Olde Edinburgh
0.3 km
Independent Scottish gift shop on historic Lawnmarket, specializing in authentic local crafts and traditional shortbread.
Heritage of Scotland
0.3 km
Discover authentic Scottish kilts, tartans, and treasures on Edinburgh's Lawnmarket, where Highland heritage meets Royal Mile magic in a shopper's delight.
I Love Scotland
0.3 km
Discover affordable, authentic Scottish souvenirs and gifts in the heart of Edinburgh at I Love Scotland on Bank Street.
Herman Brown
0.4 km
Discover timeless vintage fashion and sustainable style at Herman Brown, Edinburgh’s iconic vintage clothing shop since 1983.
James Pringle Weavers of Inverness
0.4 km
Discover authentic Scottish textiles and menswear steeped in heritage on Edinburgh’s iconic Royal Mile.
Carnivàle Vintage
0.4 km
Discover unique vintage clothing and timeless treasures in Edinburgh’s charming Carnivàle Vintage boutique.
Fringe Shop
0.5 km
Official Edinburgh Festival Fringe Shop on the Royal Mile offering unique festival merchandise and cultural connection year-round.
Eden
0.5 km
Discover authentic Scottish crafts and unique gifts in the heart of Edinburgh’s historic Cockburn Street at Eden.
Edinburgh Art Shop
0.6 km
Edinburgh Art Shop offers a warm, expert-led art supply experience with quality materials and a creative community spirit in the heart of Edinburgh.
Essential bars & hidden hideouts
The Wee Pub - The Smallest Pub in Scotland
0.1 km
Discover Scotland’s smallest pub in Edinburgh’s Grassmarket—a cosy, whisky-rich haven perfect for intimate gatherings and private celebrations.
The Bow Bar
0.2 km
A historic Old Town pub famed for its vast whisky selection, traditional ales, and authentic Scottish atmosphere.
Dragonfly
0.2 km
Edinburgh’s oldest cocktail bar blending historic charm with innovative mixology in a cozy, lively setting.
The Oz Bar
0.3 km
A lively, affordable pub in Edinburgh’s city center with friendly staff, Australian flair, pool tables, and a relaxed, welcoming atmosphere.
Frankenstein
0.3 km
Step into the gothic world of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein in a unique bar set within a historic church on Edinburgh’s iconic George IV Bridge.
Deacon Brodies Tavern
0.3 km
Historic Royal Mile pub channeling Deacon Brodie's Jekyll-and-Hyde legacy with cask ales, hearty pies, and Old Town buzz—perfect for ale lovers and tale seekers.
Ballie Ballerson
0.4 km
Edinburgh’s iconic ball pit cocktail bar blending playful fun, creative drinks, and vibrant nightlife in a historic setting.
The Three Sisters
0.4 km
A legendary Edinburgh bar and live venue famed for its vibrant atmosphere, historic roots, and nonstop entertainment on Cowgate.
SKYbar Edinburgh
0.5 km
Experience Edinburgh’s skyline with exquisite cocktails and stunning castle views at SKYbar, the city’s premier rooftop destination.
Copper Still
0.5 km
Cozy Royal Mile retreat dishing fresh Scottish eats and drams amid buskers and historic vibes – from breakfast brekkie to late-night cocktails.
Hoot The Redeemer
0.6 km
A quirky, tarot-themed cocktail bar in Edinburgh offering inventive drinks, playful games, and a lively, intimate atmosphere.
Arcade Bar Haggis & Whisky House, celebrating 20 years of serving The Best Haggis in Town!
0.6 km
Cozy Edinburgh bar serving renowned haggis and over 100 whiskies in a warm, traditional Scottish setting with hearty portions and friendly vibes.
Innis & Gunn Edinburgh City Centre Brewery Taproom
0.6 km
A vibrant craft beer haven in Edinburgh’s West End, famed for Scottish steak frites and an extensive rotating tap selection.
Captain's Bar
0.6 km
Historic Edinburgh pub with daily live Scottish folk music, local ales, and a warm, intimate atmosphere steeped in tradition.
The Raging Bull
0.6 km
Edinburgh’s vibrant cocktail bar famed for its Espresso Martinis, lively ambiance, and engaging cocktail masterclasses.
For the vibe & atmosphere seeker
- Historic
- Lively
- Scenic
- Unique
- Casual
For the design and aesthetic lover
- Vintage Styles
- Rustic Designs
For the architecture buff
- Historic
- Landmarks
- Parks & Gardens
For the view chaser and sunset hunter
- Iconic Views
- Panoramas
- Sunset Spots
For the social media creator & influencer
- Instagrammable
- Photo Spots
- Selfie Spots
For the eco-conscious traveler
- Public-Transport Accessible
- Locally Managed
For the kind of experience you’re after
- Cultural Heritage
- Photowalk
- Day Trip
- Weekend Getaway
- Festival / Event Nearby
For how adventurous you want the journey to be
- Easy Access
Location Audience
- Family Friendly
- Senior Friendly
- Child Friendly
- Teen Friendly
- Solo Friendly
- Couple Friendly
- Vegetarian Friendly
- Vegan Friendly
