Edinburgh: The Jewel of Scotland

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Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland, is a place where history and modernity blend seamlessly. The city is known for its stunning architecture, from the medieval Old Town with its narrow alleys and historic buildings to the elegant Georgian New Town with its grand squares and terraces. Edinburgh Castle, perched atop Castle Rock, offers breathtaking views of the city and is a must-visit for history enthusiasts. The city is also famous for its festivals, particularly the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, the world's largest arts festival, which draws performers and visitors from all over the globe. During the summer months, the streets come alive with music, theatre, comedy, and dance. The Royal Mile, a historic street that stretches from the castle to the Palace of Holyroodhouse, is lined with shops, pubs, and attractions, making it a vibrant hub of activity. Nature lovers will appreciate the city's proximity to natural beauty. Arthur's Seat, an ancient volcano, offers panoramic views after a rewarding hike. The Royal Botanic Garden provides a peaceful retreat with its diverse plant collections. For a taste of local culture, visitors can explore the many museums and galleries, such as the National Museum of Scotland and the Scottish National Gallery, which showcase the country's rich heritage and artistic achievements. Dining in Edinburgh is a treat for the senses, with a variety of restaurants offering everything from traditional Scottish fare to international cuisine. Don't miss the chance to try haggis, a beloved local dish. As night falls, the city's pubs and bars come to life, offering a friendly atmosphere to enjoy a dram of whisky or a locally brewed beer.

Local tips in Edinburgh

Wear comfortable shoes as the city has many cobblestone streets and hills.
Book tickets for popular attractions like Edinburgh Castle and the Royal Yacht Britannia in advance to avoid long queues.
Visit during the summer to experience the vibrant festivals, but be prepared for crowds and higher accommodation prices.
Take a guided ghost tour to explore the city's spooky past and hidden underground vaults.
Use public transport or walk to explore the city, as parking can be challenging and expensive.

Neighbourhoods in Edinburgh

Old Town

New Town

Leith

File:View of Edinburgh from the Palace block of Edinburgh Castle.jpg - Wikimedia Commons

File:Edinburgh Arthur Seat dsc06165.jpg - Wikipedia

File:High Street, Edinburgh.JPG - Wikimedia Commons

File:Edinburgh Holyrood Palace from Arthur's Seat 04.JPG - Wikipedia

File:St Giles Cathedral - 01.jpg - Wikipedia

File:Edinburgh Calton Hill.jpg - Wikipedia

File:Edinburgh Scott Monument.jpg - Wikipedia

Scotland, Glasgow, Kelvingrove, architecture, building exterior free image | Peakpx

Fil:Princes Street Gardens.jpg – Wikipedia

File:Forth Bridge 2022.jpg - Wikimedia Commons

When is the best time to go to Edinburgh?

Iconic landmarks you can’t miss

Edinburgh Castle

Explore Scotland’s iconic fortress atop Castle Rock, where history, tradition, and panoramic city views converge in Edinburgh’s heart.

Scott Monument

Climb 287 steps to Scotland's greatest literary tribute and Edinburgh's most iconic skyline views.

Surgeons' Hall Museums

Explore Edinburgh’s historic Surgeons' Hall Museums, where medical history, pathology, and surgical innovation come vividly to life in a landmark setting.

Nelson Monument

Historic naval monument atop Calton Hill offering panoramic Edinburgh views and a daily time ball ritual.

National Monument of Scotland

Edinburgh's iconic unfinished Parthenon—a monument to ambition, sacrifice, and Scottish identity perched atop Calton Hill.

Greyfriars Bobby Statue

Edinburgh’s iconic statue honoring the loyal Skye Terrier who guarded his master’s grave for 14 years, symbolizing devotion and Scottish heritage.

Newhaven Harbour

Edinburgh's historic fishing village where royal shipbuilding heritage meets working waterfront charm and legendary fishwife tradition.

Dugald Stewart Monument

A neoclassical tribute to philosopher Dugald Stewart, offering iconic views over Edinburgh from historic Calton Hill.

The University of Edinburgh

Edinburgh's iconic neoclassical university building, crowned with the Golden Boy and steeped in Scottish Enlightenment heritage.

The Parish Church of St Cuthbert

Edinburgh’s oldest Christian worship site, the Parish Church of St Cuthbert blends ancient heritage with stunning architecture and vibrant community life.

The Dean Bridge

A soaring 19th-century stone bridge by Thomas Telford, linking Edinburgh’s New Town with the scenic Water of Leith valley.

Robert the Bruce Statue

A commanding 19th-century statue of Robert the Bruce at Stirling Castle, symbolizing Scottish independence and heritage.

Floral Clock

Discover Edinburgh’s iconic Floral Clock, the world’s oldest living timepiece, blooming with vibrant seasonal designs in historic Princes Street Gardens.

The Queensferry Crossing

Experience the world’s longest three-tower cable-stayed bridge, a modern Scottish icon spanning the Firth of Forth with grace and engineering brilliance.

Innocent Railway Tunnel

Explore Scotland’s oldest railway tunnel, a historic horse-drawn coal route transformed into a vibrant urban walking and cycling path in Edinburgh.

Unmissable attractions to see

Edinburgh Castle

Explore Edinburgh Castle, a majestic fortress atop Castlehill offering royal history, breathtaking views, and iconic Scottish heritage.

National Museum of Scotland

Explore Scotland’s rich heritage and global stories in this vast, family-friendly museum at Edinburgh’s cultural heart.

The Kelpies

Discover the towering steel horse sculptures celebrating Scotland’s heritage amid 350 hectares of scenic parkland and cultural attractions.

Princes Street Gardens

Historic urban park in the heart of Edinburgh, offering stunning views, iconic monuments, and year-round cultural events.

Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh

Explore 70 acres of stunning botanical diversity and breathtaking city views at Edinburgh’s iconic Royal Botanic Garden.

The Falkirk Wheel

Discover the world’s only rotating boat lift—an engineering masterpiece lifting boats 35 meters, blending history, innovation, and family fun in Falkirk.

Palace of Holyroodhouse

Explore Scotland’s royal heritage at the magnificent Palace of Holyroodhouse, Edinburgh’s historic seat of monarchy and culture.

Royal Mile

Edinburgh’s historic Royal Mile – a vibrant cobbled artery linking castle, cathedral, and palace through centuries of Scottish heritage.

National Galleries of Scotland: National

Discover world-class European and Scottish art from 1300 to 1945 in Edinburgh’s grand National Galleries on The Mound.

Dean Village

A serene historic village on the Water of Leith, offering cobblestone charm, riverside walks, and stunning 19th-century architecture just minutes from Edinburgh’s city center.

Camera Obscura & World of Illusions

Explore Edinburgh’s historic Camera Obscura and five floors of mind-bending illusions with stunning rooftop views of the city.

Holyrood Park

Edinburgh’s wild heart: volcanic peaks, ancient ruins, and sweeping city views in a royal urban park.

The National Wallace Monument

Explore Scotland’s iconic 220ft tower honoring Sir William Wallace, blending history, stunning views, and national pride atop Abbey Craig near Stirling.

Edinburgh Zoo

Discover rare wildlife, immersive conservation, and family adventures across 82 scenic acres at Edinburgh Zoo, Scotland’s top animal sanctuary.

Edinburgh Zoo

Explore over 2,500 rare animals and support global conservation efforts at Edinburgh Zoo’s scenic hillside sanctuary.

Essential places to dine

Dishoom Edinburgh

A vibrant Bombay-style café in Edinburgh’s New Town, serving all-day comfort food, bottomless chai and cocktails in a nostalgic, art-deco setting.

Makars Mash Bar

Scotland's beloved mash bar where premium Scottish meats meet nine distinctive potato creations.

The Devil's Advocate

Edinburgh's premier whisky bar and gastropub, hidden in a Victorian pump house with award-winning cocktails and seasonal Scottish cuisine.

MUMS Great Comfort Food

Hearty Scottish comfort food served all day in a cozy diner setting with vegan options and locally sourced ingredients.

Amarone

Experience authentic Italian flavors and lively ambiance in the heart of Edinburgh’s New Town at Amarone, a bustling Italian restaurant with a rich menu.

The Ivy On The Square Edinburgh

Elegant British brasserie with Scottish flair, inventive cocktails, and a vibrant atmosphere in Edinburgh’s St Andrew Square.

Chaophraya Thai Restaurant

Sophisticated Thai dining with panoramic views of Edinburgh Castle, blending authentic flavors and stylish ambiance in the heart of New Town.

The Witchery by the Castle

Experience gothic luxury and historic charm just steps from Edinburgh Castle at The Witchery by the Castle, a unique boutique hotel and fine dining gem.

Howies Restaurant

Experience authentic Scottish flavors in a vibrant, historic setting on Edinburgh's iconic Victoria Street.

Beehive Inn

Historic pub and vibrant entertainment venue in Edinburgh’s Grassmarket, blending traditional Scottish charm with lively dining and comedy events.

Tolbooth Tavern

Historic Royal Mile pub blending 400 years of Scottish history with authentic cuisine and warm hospitality.

The Kitchin

Experience Michelin-starred Scottish cuisine with a French twist in the historic heart of Leith’s waterfront at The Kitchin.

The Piper's Rest

Experience authentic Scottish hospitality with hearty fare, craft drinks, and nightly live music in Edinburgh’s historic Old Town.

The Outsider Restaurant

Modern European dining with breathtaking Edinburgh Castle views, creative cuisine, and a lively, welcoming atmosphere in the heart of the city.

BABA

Levantine spices and charcoal-grilled excellence on Edinburgh's George Street.

Markets, malls and hidden boutiques

The Wyrd Shop

Discover Edinburgh’s charming esoteric boutique offering tarot, crystals, and mystical treasures with warm, expert service near the Royal Mile.

Flying Tiger Copenhagen

Discover quirky, affordable Danish design and everyday essentials in Edinburgh’s vibrant Waverley Mall store.

Old Course Shop, St Andrews Links

Official Old Course merchandise and golf attire at the heart of St Andrews Links, celebrating the heritage of the Home of Golf.

One World Shop

Edinburgh’s oldest fair trade shop offering ethical gifts and vegan treats beneath historic St John's Church on Princes Street.

I.J. Mellis Cheesemonger Victoria Street

Discover Edinburgh’s iconic artisan cheese shop offering expertly matured farmhouse cheeses and local delicacies on historic Victoria Street.

Heritage of Scotland

Discover authentic Scottish kilts, tartan accessories, and heritage souvenirs at Heritage of Scotland on Edinburgh’s historic Royal Mile.

Galaxy

Discover a magical world of Harry Potter collectibles, pop culture treasures, and unique gifts in the heart of Edinburgh’s Old Town.

The Scotland Shop

Discover authentic Scottish tartans, bespoke kilts, and heritage gifts in the heart of Edinburgh’s historic South Bridge.

Heritage of Edinburgh

Discover authentic Scottish kilts, clothing, and souvenirs at Heritage of Edinburgh, your gateway to Scotland’s rich cultural traditions in the city center.

Museum Context

Step into Edinburgh’s enchanting Museum Context, a magical Harry Potter shop filled with unique collectibles, immersive decor, and a whimsical photo opportunity.

Carnivàle Vintage

Discover unique vintage clothing and timeless treasures in Edinburgh’s charming Carnivàle Vintage boutique.

ScotlandShop

Discover bespoke tartans, tailored kilts, and authentic Scottish gifts at Edinburgh’s ScotlandShop on Queensferry Street.

Great Scot

Discover authentic Scottish tweeds and tartans crafted with heritage and style on Edinburgh’s iconic Princes Street.

Curiouser & Curiouser

A design-led independent shop in Edinburgh, filled with art, cards, homewares, and unique gifts with a Scandinavian-inspired aesthetic.

I Love Scotland

Discover authentic Scottish gifts and souvenirs at I Love Scotland, a welcoming shop in the heart of Edinburgh’s historic center.

Essential bars & hidden hideouts

Frankenstein

Step into Edinburgh’s eerie Frankenstein Pub for Gothic thrills, killer pizzas, and a monster show that brings classic horror to life.

The Devil's Advocate

Historic Victorian pump house turned gastropub with 300+ whiskies, award-winning cocktails, and seasonal Scottish cuisine in Edinburgh’s Old Town.

The Bow Bar

A historic Old Town pub famed for its vast whisky selection, traditional ales, and authentic Scottish atmosphere.

Panda & Sons

Step into Edinburgh’s secret speakeasy beneath a vintage barbershop for theatrical cocktails and timeless 1920s charm.

The Voodoo Rooms

Edinburgh’s lavish Victorian cocktail bar and live music venue blending opulent style with eclectic entertainment and gourmet dining.

Hoot The Redeemer

A quirky, tarot-themed cocktail bar in Edinburgh offering inventive drinks, playful games, and a lively, intimate atmosphere.

The Cocktail Geeks

Edinburgh’s immersive themed cocktail bar blending expert mixology with playful, rotating pop-culture experiences.

Bramble Bar

Discover Edinburgh’s cozy speakeasy offering expertly crafted cocktails in a lively, intimate underground setting on Queen Street.

The Rat Pack - Piano & Cocktail Bar

Classic American piano bar vibes with live music, crafted cocktails, and a lively yet cozy atmosphere in Edinburgh’s West End.

Thistle Street Bar

Experience authentic Scottish hospitality with fine whisky, live traditional music, and a cozy atmosphere in Edinburgh’s historic New Town.

Dragonfly

Edinburgh’s stylish cocktail bar blending inventive drinks with a cozy, mysterious atmosphere near the Grassmarket.

Under The Stairs

Discover Edinburgh’s cozy bohemian hideaway beneath George IV Bridge, where hearty food and crafted cocktails meet warm, quirky charm.

Heads & Tales Gin Bar

Discover Edinburgh’s hidden gin distillery bar with unique cocktails, cozy ambiance, and a glimpse into the craft of Edinburgh Gin.

The Oz Bar

A lively, affordable pub in Edinburgh’s city center with friendly staff, Australian flair, pool tables, and a relaxed, welcoming atmosphere.

Your Ultimate Free Travel Guide to Edinburgh

Discover Edinburgh with Evendo, a 100% free app-based local travel guide. Explore attractions, landmarks, restaurants, and more with ease and convenience.

Local Phrases

- HelloHullo
  [həˈləʊ]
- GoodbyeCheerio
  [tʃɪəˈriːəʊ]
- YesAye
  [aɪ]
- NoNaw
  [nɔː]
- Please/You're welcomePlease/Ye're welcome
  [pliːz/jər ˈwɛlkəm]
- Thank youCheers
  [tʃɪəz]
- Excuse me/SorryPardon/Sorry
  [ˈpɑːdən/ˈsɒri]
- How are you?Hoo are ye?
  [huː ər jə]
- Fine. And you?Awricht. An' you?
  [ˈɛːraɪt. ən juː]
- Do you speak English?Dae ye speak Scots?
  [deɪ jə spiːk skɒts]
- I don't understandAh dinnae ken
  [ə dɪnɪ ken]
- I'd like to see the menu, pleaseI'd like tae see the menu, please
  [aɪd laɪk tə siː ðə ˈmɛnjuː pliːz]
- I don't eat meatAh dinnae eat meat
  [ə dɪnɪt iːt miːt]
- Cheers!Slàinte!
  [ʃlɑːntʃə]
- I would like to pay, pleaseI wid like tae pay, please
  [aɪ wʊd laɪk tə peɪ pliːz]
- Help!Help!
  [hɛlp]
- Go away!Gae awa!
  [ɡeɪ əˈweɪ]
- Call the Police!Ca' the Polis!
  [kɔː ðə ˈpɒlɪs]
- Call a doctor!Ca' a doctor!
  [kɔː ə ˈdɒktər]
- I'm lostAh'm tint
  [əm tɪnt]
- I'm illAh'm no weel
  [əm nəʊ wiːl]
- I'd like to buy...I'd like tae buy...
  [aɪd laɪk tə baɪ]
- I'm just lookingAh'm juist haein a keek
  [əm dʒʌst hɛɪn ə kiːk]
- How much is it?Hoo muckle is it?
  [huː ˈmʌkəl ɪz ɪt]
- That's too expensiveThat's ower pricey
  [ðats aʊər ˈpraɪsi]
- Can you lower the price?Can ye gie's a guid price?
  [kæn jiː ɡiːz ə gʊd praɪs]
- What time is it?Fit time is it?
  [fɪt taɪm ɪz ɪt]
- It's one o'clockIt's yin o'clock
  [ɪts jɪn əˈklɒk]
- Half past (10)Hauf past (10)
  [hɑf pæst (10)]
- MorningMornin
  [ˈmɔrnɪn]
- AfternoonEfternuin
  [ˈɛftərnun]
- EveningEenin
  [ˈiːnɪn]
- YesterdayYestreen
  [ˈjɛstrin]
- TodayThe day
  [ðə deɪ]
- TomorrowThe morn
  [ðə mɔrn]
- 1One
  [wʌn]
- 2Twa
  [twɑː]
- 3Three
  [θriː]
- 4Fower
  [ˈfaʊər]
- 5Fife
  [faɪv]
- 6Sax
  [saks]
- 7Seiven
  [ˈsɛvən]
- 8Aucht
  [ɔːxt]
- 9Nin
  [nɪn]
- 10Ten
  [tɛn]
- Where's a/the...?Whaur's a/the...?
  [ʍaʊrz ə/ðə]
- What's the address?Fit's the address?
  [fɪts ðə ˈædrɪs]
- Can you show me (on the map)?Can ye shaw me (oan the map)?
  [kæn jiː ʃɔ miː (ɒn ðə mæp)]
- When's the next (bus)?Whit time's the next (bus)?
  [ʍɪt taɪmz ðə nɛkst (bʌs)]
- A ticket (to ....)A tikkit (tae ....)
  [ə ˈtɪkɪt (tʰe ....)]

History of Edinburgh

Edinburgh's history traces back to the early Middle Ages. The city was initially established as a fort by the Gododdin people, known as Din Eidyn. It became a key stronghold due to its strategic location atop Castle Rock, providing a defense against invaders.
Edinburgh Castle, perched upon Castle Rock, has been a significant landmark since the 12th century. It has served as a royal residence, military stronghold, and now a major tourist attraction. The castle has witnessed numerous historical events, including the Wars of Scottish Independence and the birth of King James VI of Scotland.
The Royal Mile is Edinburgh's historic heart, stretching from Edinburgh Castle to the Palace of Holyroodhouse. This cobblestone street has been the backdrop for parades, markets, and crucial moments in Scottish history. It houses notable buildings such as St Giles' Cathedral and the Scottish Parliament.
The 18th century marked Edinburgh as the center of the Scottish Enlightenment, a period of intellectual and scientific accomplishments. Figures like David Hume, Adam Smith, and James Hutton contributed to philosophy, economics, and geology, shaping modern thought.
Built in the 18th century to address overcrowding in the Old Town, Edinburgh's New Town is a masterclass in Georgian architecture. Designed by James Craig, its wide streets, squares, and elegant buildings contrast with the Old Town's medieval layout.
Edinburgh is renowned for its annual festivals, particularly the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, which began in 1947. This festival has grown to become the world's largest arts festival, hosting thousands of performances across various genres, drawing visitors from around the globe.
Arthur's Seat is an extinct volcano and the highest point in Edinburgh, offering panoramic views of the city. It is part of Holyrood Park, which has historical significance dating back to prehistoric times and has inspired numerous myths and legends.
Inspired by the Parthenon in Athens, the National Monument of Scotland on Calton Hill was intended to commemorate Scottish soldiers who died in the Napoleonic Wars. Construction began in 1826 but was never completed, earning it the nickname 'Scotland's Disgrace.'
The Stone of Destiny, also known as the Stone of Scone, is an ancient symbol of Scottish monarchy. Traditionally used in the coronation of Scottish kings, it was taken by England in 1296 and returned to Scotland in 1996. It is now displayed in Edinburgh Castle.
During the Industrial Revolution, Edinburgh expanded rapidly, transforming into a hub for printing, brewing, and engineering. The city's population grew, leading to significant urban development and the establishment of new institutions and infrastructure.

Edinburgh Essentials

Edinburgh is well-connected to various parts of the UK and the world. The primary airport is Edinburgh Airport (EDI), located about 12 km west of the city center, offering numerous international and domestic flights. From the airport, you can take the Airlink 100 bus, tram, or a taxi to the city center. Edinburgh Waverley Railway Station, situated in the heart of the city, connects Edinburgh to other major cities like London, Glasgow, and Manchester via an extensive rail network. National Express and Megabus offer long-distance bus services to and from Edinburgh.
Edinburgh has an efficient public transport system managed by Lothian Buses, including buses and trams that cover most parts of the city. A day ticket offers unlimited travel on buses and trams for a fixed price. Taxis and ride-sharing services like Uber are also available. For a more scenic experience, consider walking or biking through the city; many attractions are within walking distance of each other. Bicycles can be rented from various locations around the city.
The official currency in Edinburgh is the British Pound Sterling (GBP). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in most establishments, including shops, restaurants, and hotels. Contactless payment is commonly used. ATMs are plentiful throughout the city, but it is always a good idea to have some cash on hand for smaller vendors or in case of emergencies. Currency exchange services are available at the airport, major banks, and dedicated exchange offices in the city center.
Edinburgh is generally a safe city for tourists, but like any urban area, it is advisable to stay vigilant. Areas such as Grassmarket and Cowgate can get rowdy at night due to the nightlife scene. Avoid walking alone in poorly lit areas and keep an eye on your belongings in crowded places, especially during festivals. Be cautious in neighborhoods like Niddrie and Wester Hailes, which have higher crime rates. Always use licensed taxis and be aware of your surroundings.
In case of an emergency, dial 999 for immediate assistance from police, fire, or medical services. The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh is the main hospital for emergencies. Pharmacies are readily available for minor health issues. It is advisable to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. For non-emergencies, the NHS 24 service can be reached by dialing 111 for health advice.
Fashion: Do dress in layers as the weather can be unpredictable. Waterproof clothing is advisable. Avoid overly casual attire in fine dining establishments. Religion: Do respect places of worship. Remove hats and speak softly inside churches and cathedrals. Public Transport: Do queue patiently and have your fare or ticket ready. Don’t talk loudly or play music without headphones. Greetings: Do greet people with a friendly 'hello' or 'hi.' A handshake is common in formal settings. Eating & Drinking: Do try local dishes like haggis, neeps, and tatties. Don’t forget to tip around 10% in restaurants if service is not included.
To experience Edinburgh like a local, explore beyond the main tourist spots. Visit neighborhoods like Stockbridge for its Sunday Market and Leith for its vibrant port culture. Take a walk up Arthur’s Seat for panoramic views of the city. Enjoy a pint in a traditional pub and strike up a conversation with locals. Attend local events and festivals like the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, the world’s largest arts festival, held every August. For a quieter experience, visit the Royal Botanic Garden or take a stroll along the Water of Leith Walkway.

Edinburgh: The Jewel of Scotland

Local tips in Edinburgh

Neighbourhoods in Edinburgh