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Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge: A Sanctuary for Endangered Species

Discover Alabama's natural beauty at Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge, a sanctuary for endangered species with hiking, birdwatching, and unique karst landscape.

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Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge, near Florence, Alabama, is a 1,060-acre preserve established in 1997 to protect endangered species, including the Alabama cavefish and gray bats. While Key Cave itself is closed to the public, the refuge offers hiking trails and birdwatching opportunities in a unique karst landscape.

A brief summary to Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge

  • Monday 12 am-12 am
  • Tuesday 12 am-12 am
  • Wednesday 12 am-12 am
  • Thursday 12 am-12 am
  • Friday 12 am-12 am
  • Saturday 12 am-12 am
  • Sunday 12 am-12 am

Local tips

  • Bring a camera to capture the diverse birdlife and scenic views along the trails.
  • Wear comfortable shoes suitable for hiking on gravel and dirt trails.
  • Visit during the summer months for a chance to view the gray bats from the viewing platforms.
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Getting There

  • Driving

    From Florence, Alabama, take US-43 S and AL-133 S. Then follow County Route 2 (Gunwaleford Road) west for approximately 4 miles, then turn south onto County Route 223 (a gravel road) for about 1.5 miles. Finally, turn west onto County Route 204 (another gravel road) and continue for 0.25 miles. The refuge entrance will be on the south side of the road. Parking is free at the designated parking area near the birding trail kiosk.

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Discover more about Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge

Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge, established in 1997, is a crucial sanctuary dedicated to preserving unique and fragile ecosystems. Located approximately five miles southwest of Florence, Alabama, this 1,060-acre refuge is primarily known for protecting several endangered species. The refuge's creation was authorized under the Fish and Wildlife Act of 1956, the Endangered Species Act of 1973, and the National Wildlife Refuge Administration Act of 1966, underscoring its significance in national conservation efforts. The refuge's landscape is characterized by a distinctive karst topography, featuring numerous sinkholes, underground streams, and cave systems. These geological features are integral to the survival of the Alabama cavefish, found nowhere else on Earth. The cavefish, discovered in 1967, is an elusive and critically endangered species inhabiting the underground waters of the cave systems within the refuge. Its existence is closely linked to the unique ecology of the seasonally flooded waters beneath an active Gray Bat roost. Key Cave, along with Collier Cave (located approximately 1.5 miles upstream), is a priority one maternity cave for the gray bat, another federally endangered species. In addition to the cavefish and gray bats, the refuge is home to two species of blind crayfish: Phantom cave crayfish and Cambarus jonesi. These species have adapted to the dark, subterranean environment and are essential components of the cave ecosystem. While Key Cave itself is closed to the public to protect its sensitive ecosystem, the refuge offers opportunities for visitors to connect with nature. The refuge has 2.5 miles (4.0 km) of trails for hiking and cycling. Nearby viewing platforms facilitate the viewing of the bats during the summer. The refuge is also site #9 on the North Alabama Birding Trail. Birdwatchers can spot various migratory and resident birds, including grasshopper sparrows and dickcissels.

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