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Gila and Salt River Principal Meridian: Arizona's Surveying Landmark

Explore Arizona's history at the Gila and Salt River Principal Meridian, the cornerstone of the state's land surveys, located in Avondale.

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The Gila and Salt River Principal Meridian in Avondale, Arizona, marks the foundational survey point for most of Arizona. Established in 1865, it's a historical landmark significant to the state's land management and development.

A brief summary to Gila and Salt River Principal Meridian

  • Avondale, Arizona, 85323, US

Local tips

  • Bring a camera to capture the informative markers and surrounding landscape.
  • Visit during the early morning or late afternoon for the best lighting.
  • Check local weather conditions before your visit.
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Getting There

  • Driving

    If driving from Phoenix, take I-10 West to Avondale Blvd. Take exit 133 for Avondale Blvd and turn left onto Avondale Blvd. Turn right onto W Lower Buckeye Rd, then left onto S 107th Ave. The Gila and Salt River Principal Meridian will be on your left. There is no parking fee.

  • Public Transport

    To reach the Gila and Salt River Principal Meridian using public transport, take a bus towards Avondale. Disembark at the Avondale Blvd stop. From there, you can walk (approximately 1 mile) or use a rideshare service like Uber or Lyft to reach 107th Ave and Lower Buckeye Rd. Be prepared for a transit cost of around $4-6 for the local bus and an additional $10-15 if you choose to rideshare from the bus stop.

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Discover more about Gila and Salt River Principal Meridian

The Gila and Salt River Principal Meridian, located in Avondale, Arizona, serves as a crucial historical landmark. Established in 1865, this meridian was the initial reference point for land surveys across Arizona, except for a portion of the Navajo Reservation. This site played a vital role in the development of Arizona, providing a systematic way to establish property lines and infrastructure as settlers moved into the area. The location on Monument Hill was selected because it provided good visibility and was near the confluence of the Gila and Salt Rivers. The original marker was an eight-foot tall rock monument set in 1851 as part of the U.S./Mexico boundary survey. The current monument has been re-established several times due to vandalism and deterioration, with significant restorations in 1984 and 2006. The site is a reminder of the connections between land, history, and community in the American West. Visitors can explore the historical markers and appreciate the surrounding landscape. The meridian is also near the Base & Meridian Wildlife Area, offering opportunities to connect with nature. Whether you're a history enthusiast or a casual tourist, the Gila and Salt River Principal Meridian offers a glimpse into Arizona's foundational history.

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