Goshavank Monastery: A Medieval Armenian Treasure

Goshavank Monastery, meaning "Monastery of Gosh," is a remarkable 12th to 13th-century Armenian monastic complex located in the village of Gosh, in the Tavush Province of Armenia. Originally known as Nor Getik, it was renamed in honor of Mkhitar Gosh, a prominent Armenian scholar, statesman, and author of fables and the first Armenian criminal code. The monastery was erected on the site of an older monastery, Nor Getik, which was destroyed by an earthquake in 1188. Mkhitar Gosh took part in rebuilding the monastery, establishing a school that became one of the leading religious, educational, and cultural centers of medieval Armenia. Kirakos Gandzaketsi, a notable Armenian scientist and historian, was among its alumni. The architect Mkhitar the Carpenter and his disciple Hovhannes also contributed to the construction. The complex includes several religious and civil buildings, showcasing the architectural traditions of the time. Among the notable structures are the Cathedral of the Holy Mother of God (St. Astvatsatsin), built in 1191-1196, St. Gregory Church, Grigor Lusavorich Church, and several chapels. The monastery is also renowned for its unique khachkars (cross-stones), particularly the one created by Pavgos in 1291, considered one of the most intricate examples of Armenian khachkar art. One of these khachkars is now preserved in the National Historical Museum of Armenia. Goshavank Monastery stands out for its lack of outer walls, seamlessly blending with the surrounding village homes. The buildings are interconnected, except for the S. Hripsime Chapel, which is located on an opposite hillside. The monastery's architecture showcases a harmonious blend with the natural surroundings, with decorative elements such as framed door portals and windows. Today, Goshavank is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors with its historical significance, architectural beauty, and serene atmosphere.