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Kayan Fortress: A Medieval Stronghold

Explore Kayan Fortress, a medieval Armenian stronghold with stunning views and rich history near Haghpat Monastery.

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Kayan Fortress, also known as Kayanberd, is a 13th-century fortress located near the village of Haghpat in Armenia. Built to protect the Haghpat Monastery, it stands on a triangular promontory offering commanding views of the surrounding Debed Canyon. The fortress features strong walls, numerous towers, and the remains of a church, providing a glimpse into Armenia's medieval defensive architecture.

A brief summary to Kayan Fortress

  • H25, AM
  • Monday 12 am-12 am
  • Tuesday 12 am-12 am
  • Wednesday 12 am-12 am
  • Thursday 12 am-12 am
  • Friday 12 am-12 am
  • Saturday 12 am-12 am
  • Sunday 12 am-12 am

Local tips

  • Wear sturdy shoes for the walk to the fortress, as the terrain can be uneven.
  • Visit in April-November for the best weather conditions.
  • Combine your visit with a trip to the nearby Haghpat Monastery.
  • Bring water and snacks, as there are no facilities at the fortress.
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Getting There

  • Walking

    From Haghpat Monastery, follow the trail west towards Kayan Fortress. The walk is approximately 2 km and takes around 30-45 minutes. The path runs along the side of the gorge and over the Sherek River. Be prepared for uneven terrain.

  • Public Transport

    From Vanadzor, take a bus or minibus to Alaverdi. From Alaverdi, take a taxi to Haghpat village. From Haghpat village, follow the walking directions to the fortress. A taxi from Alaverdi to Haghpat typically costs around 1,500-2,000 AMD.

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Discover more about Kayan Fortress

Kayan Fortress, strategically positioned in the Lori region of Armenia, served as a vital defensive point during the medieval era. Located northeast of Haghpat village, the fortress was likely rebuilt in 1233 by Bishop Hovhannes, the abbot of Haghpat Monastery, to safeguard the monastery's wealth and congregation from external threats. The fortress is also known as Kayanberd, Aknaberd and Dsevank Fortress. Standing on a triangular promontory with steep cliffs, Kayan Fortress enjoys natural protection enhanced by strong walls and about fifteen semi-cylindrical towers. The fortress stretches approximately 120 meters from south to north, with a width not exceeding 20 meters. The main entrance is on the southern side, connecting to Haghpat village via a 13th-century bridge over the Sherek River. Inside the fortress, visitors can explore the ruins of residential buildings, pools, and water supply systems. The southern part, at a higher elevation, is separated from the northern part by a wall. The Surb Astvatsatsin Church of Dsevank, constructed with basalt and stones of different colors, stands prominently on the eastern side. Kayan Fortress was destroyed in 1241 during Mongol invasions. Despite the destruction, the remaining walls and towers offer a compelling look into Armenia's medieval past.

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