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Etchmiadzin Cathedral: Spiritual Heart of Armenia

Discover Armenia's spiritual heart at Etchmiadzin Cathedral, one of the world's oldest Christian cathedrals and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

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Etchmiadzin Cathedral, located in Vagharshapat, Armenia, is the spiritual center of the Armenian Apostolic Church and considered one of the oldest cathedrals in the world. Founded in the early 4th century by St. Gregory the Illuminator, it stands as a symbol of Armenia's conversion to Christianity.

A brief summary to Etchmiadzin Cathedral

Local tips

  • Dress modestly when visiting, as it is a place of worship.
  • Check the opening hours before planning your visit, especially during religious holidays.
  • Explore the surrounding churches of Saint Hripsime and Saint Gayane, also UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
  • Visit the Treasury Museum to see sacred relics, including a piece of Noah's Ark and the Holy Lance.
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Getting There

  • Public Transport

    From Yerevan, take a minibus (marshrutka) or bus from Kilikia Central Bus Station to Vagharshapat. Buses 202 and 203 run every 10 minutes. The journey takes about 30-40 minutes. From the Vagharshapat bus station, Etchmiadzin Cathedral is a short walk away. The bus fare is approximately 500 AMD.

  • Taxi

    Taxis are readily available in Yerevan. A taxi ride from Yerevan to Etchmiadzin Cathedral typically takes around 20-30 minutes. The estimated fare is 3,000-4,000 AMD.

  • Driving

    From Yerevan, take the M5 highway towards Vagharshapat. The drive is approximately 20 kilometers and takes about 30 minutes. Follow the signs to Etchmiadzin Cathedral. Parking is available near the cathedral, but it may be limited during peak tourist seasons. Parking may incur a small fee.

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Discover more about Etchmiadzin Cathedral

Etchmiadzin Cathedral, also known as the Mother Church, is located in Vagharshapat (Etchmiadzin), about 20 kilometers from Yerevan. As the spiritual and administrative headquarters of the Armenian Apostolic Church, it is a major pilgrimage site and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The cathedral is believed to be the oldest Christian cathedral in the world. According to tradition, the original church was built between 301 and 303 AD by St. Gregory the Illuminator after King Tiridates III adopted Christianity as the state religion. It was constructed on the site of a pagan temple, symbolizing the transition from paganism to Christianity. The core of the current building dates back to 483/484 AD, after the cathedral suffered damage from a Persian invasion. Over the centuries, Etchmiadzin Cathedral has undergone numerous renovations and reconstructions. Belfries were added in the late 17th century, and a sacristy (museum and room of relics) was constructed in 1868. The cathedral complex includes several structures, such as the Palace of the Katholikos, a seminary, museum, refectory, synod house, library, and monks' cells. The Treasury Museum houses sacred relics, including a piece of Noah's Ark and the Holy Lance. The cathedral's architecture features a rectangular cruciform structure with a dome. The main dome is multi-layered and adorned with columns, with bas-reliefs of the twelve apostles on its twelve facets. The interior showcases Armenian-style architecture with conical domes and ancient stone walls. Visiting Etchmiadzin Cathedral offers a deep dive into Armenian religious and cultural history. The surrounding gardens and structures add to the serene atmosphere. The cathedral has three main entrances, with the primary entrance through the belfry.

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