Shali Fortress, Siwa Oasis Travel Guide

Shali Fortress, located in the heart of Siwa Oasis, is a striking reminder of the region's rich history and the ingenuity of its people. Construction of the fortress began in the 12th century by the Berber inhabitants of Siwa, who sought a secure refuge from invaders and harsh desert conditions. The name “Shali” translates to “city” in the local Berber language.The fortress was built using kershef, a unique material consisting of clay, salt, and palm fronds. This blend provided excellent insulation, keeping the interior cool during the scorching days and warm on chilly desert nights. The fortress was once a thriving community, housing hundreds of Siwi Berbers within its four- to five-story structures. It included residential areas, a mosque (the oldest building in the Shali, erected in 1203), and communal spaces.In 1926, heavy rains caused significant damage to the kershef buildings, leading to the fortress's gradual abandonment. Today, visitors can explore the labyrinthine passageways and climb to the highest points for panoramic views of the oasis. The ruins offer a hauntingly beautiful glimpse into the past and a testament to the resilience of the Siwan people. Restoration efforts began in 2018 to preserve the heritage of Siwa using traditional building techniques and local materials.