Anacopia Fortress: Ancient Citadel of Abkhazia

Anacopia Fortress, located near the town of New Athos in Abkhazia, is a remarkable historical site that offers a journey back in time. The fortress is strategically positioned atop the Iverian Mountain, about a mile inland, providing commanding views of the surrounding landscape and the Black Sea. Originally constructed as a military structure between the 2nd and 4th centuries AD, Anacopia was later fortified in the 7th century with the support of the Byzantine Empire, alarmed by the expansion of the Islamic Caliphate. The walls, up to 60 centimeters thick, are built from carefully hewn limestone blocks. Within the fortress, visitors can explore the remains of a Roman-styled tower, offering excellent views in all directions, and a small Christian basilica that dates back to the 8th century or earlier. The basilica still contains its stone altar and some frescoes. A cistern, fed by a 25-meter deep well, provided a natural source of spring water. Anacopia served as the capital of the Abkhazian Kingdom and played a pivotal role in defending the region from Arab invasions. In 736/737, it withstood a siege by a massive Umayyad Caliphate army, marking a significant turning point in the region's history. The fortress was restored in 2008 to improve safety and reinstate the tower as a lookout point. Exploring Anacopia Fortress offers a unique opportunity to connect with the cultural heritage of Abkhazia and appreciate the craftsmanship of ancient builders.