Castle and Castle Tower: A Glimpse into Lauenburg's Past

Lauenburg's Castle and Castle Tower stand as proud reminders of the town's storied past, perched high above the Elbe River. Originally constructed in 1182 by Bernhard of Saxony, the castle, initially known as Polabenburg, served as a crucial defensive fortification, securing the Elbe crossing of the Old Salt Route between Lüneburg and Lübeck. Its strategic importance led to a tumultuous early history, marked by destruction and rebuilding. Over the centuries, the castle underwent significant transformations. By the 15th century, under Duke Johann IV, it evolved from a medieval stronghold into a splendid late Gothic castle. Renaissance embellishments further enhanced its architectural style, symbolizing power and prestige. The complex once included a grand tower, residential buildings, and a castle church, built in 1595 to commemorate the Duke's safe return from the Turkish wars. Today, the most prominent surviving feature is the castle tower, dating back to 1477. Its formidable, two-meter-thick walls stand as a testament to medieval engineering. The tower served as a dungeon and prison, and remnants of its past are still visible. A Baroque roof turret, added in 1725, enhances its visual appeal. Two large sandstone medallions, dating back to 1474 and 1477, adorn the tower, bearing inscriptions related to Duke Johann IV and the ducal coat of arms. Inside the castle, a museum showcases artifacts and furniture from the Middle Ages to modern times, providing insights into the region's history. Visitors can climb the narrow stairs to the top of the tower for breathtaking panoramic views of Lauenburg and the surrounding landscape. The surrounding area features charming half-timbered houses, cafes, and a playground. The castle's history is intertwined with the Dukes of Lauenburg, who resided here and shaped the region's political landscape. Lauenburg served as the ducal capital until 1616, when a fire destroyed the castle, leading to the capital's relocation to Ratzeburg. Despite the destruction wrought by imperial artillery in 1656, the tower survived, albeit with modifications. Exploring the castle grounds offers a glimpse into the lives of those who once inhabited this strategic location. The restored gardens provide a tranquil space to reflect on the castle's past. The castle's location on the Elbe River made it a vital center for trade and transportation. The Old Salt Route, which passed through Lauenburg, was a major artery for commerce, and the castle played a key role in controlling this important trade route. Lauenburg itself is a charming town with a rich maritime history. The Elbschifffahrtsmuseum (Elbe Shipping Museum) celebrates the town's connection to the river and its importance in Elbe navigation. The Elbstraße, Lauenburg's oldest street, features picturesque timber-framed houses dating from the 16th to 19th centuries. Visitors can also explore the Maria-Magdalenen Church, built in the 13th century, and the Palmschleuse, a historic river lock originally built in 1398. The town's hillside location creates an upper and lower town, connected by numerous alleys and stairways, offering panoramic views. The Castle and Castle Tower offer a unique opportunity to step back in time and experience the history of Lauenburg. The combination of historical significance, architectural beauty, and stunning views makes it a must-see destination for any visitor to the region. Whether you're interested in medieval history, Renaissance architecture, or simply enjoying the beauty of the Elbe River, the Castle and Castle Tower provide an unforgettable experience. Lauenburg is easily accessible by bus and train, with direct connections from Hamburg, Lübeck, and Lüneburg. The town is also a popular stop for cyclists along the Elberadweg (Elbe Cycle Route) and other long-distance cycling routes. With its charming atmosphere and rich history, Lauenburg is a hidden gem waiting to be discovered.