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Castle of Mytilene: A Mediterranean Fortress Through the Ages

Explore the Castle of Mytilene, a historic fortress on Lesbos, revealing layers of Byzantine, Genoese, and Ottoman influence. A must-see landmark!

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The Castle of Mytilene, also known as the Fortress of Mytilene, is one of the largest castles in the Mediterranean, located on the Greek island of Lesbos. Its history spans from Byzantine times to Genoese and Ottoman rule, offering a blend of architectural styles and a glimpse into the island's strategic importance.

A brief summary to Castle of Mytilene

  • Mitilini, 811 00, GR

Local tips

  • Wear comfortable shoes, as exploring the castle involves a lot of walking on uneven terrain.
  • Visit during the cooler months or early morning/late afternoon in the summer to avoid the midday heat.
  • Check for events happening within the castle walls, such as theater performances or concerts.
  • Bring water and snacks, as there are limited options for refreshments inside the castle.
  • Allow at least 2-3 hours to fully explore the castle's various sections and enjoy the panoramic views.
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Getting There

  • Walking

    From the center of Mytilene town, the Castle of Mytilene is easily accessible on foot. Start from the main port area and walk north along the coastal road. The walk is approximately 1.5-2 kilometers and should take around 20-30 minutes. The route is mostly flat, with a gradual incline as you approach the castle entrance. There are sidewalks for pedestrians along most of the route. No costs are involved.

  • Public Transport

    Local buses (operated by ASTIKO KTEL Mytilene) run from various points in Mytilene town to near the castle entrance. Check local bus schedules for the most up-to-date information, as times may vary. A single bus fare within Mytilene typically costs around €1.20. From the bus stop, there is a short walk (approximately 5-10 minutes) to the castle entrance.

  • Taxi

    Taxis are readily available in Mytilene town. A taxi ride from the town center to the Castle of Mytilene typically costs between €5 and €8, depending on traffic and the exact starting point. The journey takes approximately 5-10 minutes. Confirm the fare with the driver before starting your journey.

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Discover more about Castle of Mytilene

The Castle of Mytilene, a dominating structure in Mytilene, Lesbos, stands as a testament to centuries of history and strategic importance. Covering 20 hectares, it's one of the Mediterranean's largest fortresses, with evidence of habitation dating back to antiquity. The castle's story begins in Byzantine times, with the first phase of construction potentially during the reign of Emperor Justinian I in the 6th century AD. It was likely built upon the ancient acropolis, and some historians suggest it may have been a sacred sanctuary dedicated to Demeter, Kore, and Cybele. Significant alterations occurred under the Genoese Gattilusio family in 1373, particularly by Francesco I Gattilusio, who fortified the castle against invaders. The Gattilusio emblem can still be seen at the gates. A devastating earthquake in 1384 led to major repairs. The Ottomans captured the castle in 1462, making further modifications, including the addition of the Lower Castle in 1644. The castle was divided into three sections: the Upper Castle (Acropolis), the Middle Castle, and the Lower Castle. Each section showcases distinct architectural features and historical layers. After Lesbos became part of the Greek state in 1912, the castle was used as a source of building materials for refugee housing, causing damage. Today, the castle hosts cultural events and offers stunning views. Visitors can explore its walls, discover remains from different periods, and appreciate the blend of Byzantine, Genoese, and Ottoman influences.

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