Khandagiri Caves: Ancient Jain Heritage
Explore ancient rock-cut caves adorned with Jain sculptures and inscriptions at Khandagiri, a testament to India's rich cultural heritage.
Khandagiri, twinned with Udayagiri, forms a significant historical and archaeological site near Bhubaneswar, Odisha. These caves, dating back to the 2nd century BCE, were created during the reign of King Kharavela of the Mahameghavahana dynasty. Originally intended as dwelling places for Jain monks, the caves are carved out of sandstone hills and adorned with detailed carvings and inscriptions that reflect the Jain religious and cultural heritage. Khandagiri, meaning 'Broken Hill,' houses 15 caves, while Udayagiri, or 'Sunrise Hill,' contains 18. The caves served as a place for the monks to rest, meditate and pursue their spiritual goals. The carvings and sculptures depict scenes from Jain mythology, royal processions, and daily life, providing valuable insights into the socio-cultural context of ancient India. Among the notable caves at Khandagiri are the Bough Gumpha (Tiger Cave), Sarpa Gumpha (Serpent Cave), and Ananta Gumpha, each featuring unique carvings and architectural elements. Today, the Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves are protected monuments maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India and remain a popular tourist attraction. Visitors can explore the ancient rock-cut architecture, admire the detailed carvings, and learn about the history and religious significance of the site. The site offers a serene environment, allowing visitors to connect with India's rich cultural past and appreciate the artistic and architectural achievements of ancient times.
Local tips
- Wear comfortable shoes as you'll be doing a fair amount of walking and climbing steps to explore the caves.
- Carry water and snacks, especially during the hotter months, as there are limited options available on-site.
- Hire a local guide to learn more about the history and significance of the caves and their intricate carvings.
- Visit during the cooler months (November to February) for a more pleasant experience.
A brief summary to Khandagiri Historical place
- 7Q7M+2V6, Bhubaneswar, Khandagiri, Odisha, 751030, IN
- +911800111363
Getting There
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Taxi
From Bhubaneswar Airport (BBI) or the city center, the most convenient way to reach Khandagiri Caves is by taxi. Taxis are readily available at both locations. The ride takes approximately 7-15 minutes, depending on traffic. Expect to pay between ₹190-₹230 from the airport and ₹130-₹160 from the city center. Several taxi services operate in Bhubaneswar, including Orissa Cabs, Colors Cabs and Uber Intercity.
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Public Transport
To reach Khandagiri Caves via public transport, take a local bus or auto-rickshaw from the Baramunda bus stand, which is about 1 km away from the caves. Buses are a budget-friendly option, with fares around ₹10-₹20. Auto-rickshaws are also available, but negotiate the fare beforehand, typically around ₹50-₹80 for a short trip.
