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Dur-Kurigalzu: Echoes of the Kassite Dynasty

Explore Dur-Kurigalzu, an ancient Mesopotamian city with a towering ziggurat, offering a glimpse into Iraq's rich Kassite history and culture.

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Explore the ruins of Dur-Kurigalzu, an ancient city founded by the Kassite King Kurigalzu I in the 14th century BC. Located near Baghdad, the site features a towering ziggurat dedicated to the god Enlil, offering a glimpse into Mesopotamia's rich history and architectural prowess.

A brief summary to Dur-Kurigalzu (Ziggurat at Aqar Quf)

  • Baghdad, Al Anbar Governorate, IQ
  • Monday 8 am-5 pm
  • Tuesday 8 am-5 pm
  • Wednesday 8 am-5 pm
  • Thursday 8 am-5 pm
  • Friday 8 am-5 pm
  • Saturday 8 am-5 pm
  • Sunday 8 am-5 pm

Local tips

  • Visit during the cooler months (November to April) for a more comfortable experience.
  • Wear comfortable shoes suitable for walking on uneven terrain.
  • Bring water and sun protection, as shade is limited.
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Getting There

  • Public Transport

    From Baghdad's Al-Nasr Square, take a bus or shared taxi heading west towards Aqar Quf. The fare is approximately 1,000 IQD, and the journey takes about 30-45 minutes, depending on traffic. From the Aqar Quf stop, it's about a 3-kilometer walk to the ziggurat. Be prepared for walking under the sun and bring water.

  • Taxi

    Taxis are available in Baghdad. A taxi ride from Baghdad city center to Dur-Kurigalzu (Aqar Quf) will cost an estimated 10,000 IQD to 15,000 IQD, depending on traffic and negotiation. Confirm the fare with the driver before starting the journey. Ride-sharing apps like Careem and OBR Taxi are also available.

  • Car

    From Baghdad, head west on Al-Sadriya Street towards Al-Rashid Street, following signs for Route 1 (Baghdad-Kirkuk Road). Continue for approximately 20 kilometers and look for signs directing you to Aqar Quf. The ziggurat is about 3 kilometers from the main road. Parking may be limited.

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Discover more about Dur-Kurigalzu (Ziggurat at Aqar Quf)

Dur-Kurigalzu, now known as Aqar Quf, lies approximately 30 kilometers west of Baghdad, in the Al Anbar Governorate of Iraq. Founded in the early 14th century BC by the Kassite King Kurigalzu I, the city served as a vital capital and religious center during the Kassite dynasty, which ruled Babylonia for nearly four centuries. The name Dur-Kurigalzu translates to "fortress of Kurigalzu," reflecting its strategic importance. The most prominent feature of the site is the impressive ziggurat, dedicated to Enlil, the chief Babylonian god of wind, air, earth, and storm. Originally standing at approximately 60 meters (171 ft) tall, the ziggurat's core was constructed from sun-dried mud bricks, reinforced with layers of reed mats for drainage and stability. The outer layers were made of fired bricks, some bearing inscriptions of King Kurigalzu II. The ziggurat's base measures approximately 69 by 67 meters, and it could be approached from three main staircases. Archaeological excavations have revealed a royal palace covering a vast area of 420,000 square meters, along with temples dedicated to Mesopotamian deities. The palace walls were adorned with vibrant paintings depicting floral, geometric, and processional scenes, offering rare insights into Kassite artistry. The city was abandoned after the fall of the Kassite dynasty around 1155 BC. Today, Dur-Kurigalzu stands as a testament to the architectural and cultural achievements of ancient Mesopotamia. While time and invasions have taken their toll, the remaining ziggurat continues to inspire awe and invites visitors to reflect on the rich history of the region. Recent efforts, including an Iraqi-Italian Archaeological Expedition and the ArTourBagh project, aim to protect, enhance, and promote the site for tourism and social development.

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