The Founding of Lawton
Lawton, Oklahoma was founded on August 6, 1901, following a land lottery that opened up former Comanche, Kiowa, and Apache Native American lands to settlers. Thousands of people flocked to the area, and the city was named after Major General Henry Ware Lawton, a notable figure from the Spanish-American War.
Fort Sill: A Military Legacy
Fort Sill, established in 1869, is a pivotal part of Lawton's history. Originally created to control the Native American tribes and protect settlers, the fort has evolved into a significant military installation. It is the only active Army installation of all the forts on the Southern Plains built during the Indian Wars. Fort Sill is also the site where the famous Apache leader Geronimo was held as a prisoner of war until his death in 1909.
The Apache Prisoners of War
In 1894, Fort Sill became the place of internment for the Chiricahua Apaches, including the renowned warrior Geronimo. This chapter of Lawton's history sheds light on the complex and often tragic interactions between the U.S. government and Native American tribes. Geronimo's grave at Fort Sill remains a significant historical site.
Economic Development and the Great Depression
Lawton experienced significant growth in the early 20th century, driven by agriculture, cattle ranching, and the establishment of Fort Sill. However, like much of the United States, Lawton was hit hard by the Great Depression in the 1930s. The city's economy struggled, but the presence of Fort Sill provided some stability and jobs for the local population.
Cultural Fusion: Native American Influence
Lawton's culture is deeply influenced by the Native American tribes that originally inhabited the area. The Comanche Nation, headquartered in Lawton, plays a significant role in preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of the Comanche people. Annual events such as the Comanche Nation Fair celebrate this rich history through traditional dance, music, and crafts.
Modern-Day Lawton: A Hub of Education and Arts
Today, Lawton is a vibrant city that boasts a thriving educational and cultural scene. Cameron University, established in 1908, is a cornerstone of higher education in the region. The city is also home to various museums and cultural institutions, such as the Museum of the Great Plains and the Leslie Powell Foundation Gallery, which offer insights into the area's history and artistic endeavors.