Ruplal House, Dhaka Travel Guide

Ruplal House, formerly known as Aratoon House, is a 19th-century mansion located in the Farashganj area of Old Dhaka, Bangladesh, on the northern bank of the Buriganga River. Its history is intertwined with the rise of a merchant class in Dhaka during the British colonial period. The house was initially constructed in 1825 by Stephen Aratoon, an Armenian businessman, showcasing the diverse cultural influences that shaped the city's landscape. In 1840, the property was acquired by Ruplal Das and his brother Raghunath Das, two prominent merchants who significantly expanded and renovated the building. They commissioned the Calcutta-based Martin Company to redesign the mansion in the then-popular neo-classical style, transforming it into a grand residential and commercial complex. The Das brothers' vision resulted in a sprawling two-story edifice that became a symbol of their wealth and status. The architectural design of Ruplal House is a blend of European and Indian styles, reflecting the cosmopolitan nature of Dhaka during the 19th century. The mansion is divided into three distinct blocks, each with its unique architectural features. The western wing, known as Ruplal's Block, is the most imposing, featuring neo-Corinthian columns, intricate window details, and beautiful mosaic and stained-glass work. The eastern wing, Raghunath's Block, exhibits a different architectural style, while the central block shares similarities with both Ruplal's Block and Ahsan Manzil, another prominent mansion of the time. The mansion's riverfront facade stretches approximately 9,144 meters, presenting a grand view from the Buriganga River. The ground plan follows an 'E' shape, with three arms extending towards the city side. A grand portico, supported by lofty semi-Corinthian fluted columns and surmounted by a triangular pediment, adds to the building's Renaissance-inspired aesthetic. Inside, the mansion boasts over fifty rooms, including a lavishly decorated dance hall on the upper floor of the western wing, complete with a wooden floor. Ruplal House played a significant role in Dhaka's social and cultural life during the late 19th century. In 1888, Ruplal Das hosted a grand ball in honor of Lord Dufferin, the Viceroy of India, solidifying the mansion's reputation as a premier venue for social gatherings. The lavish balls and events held at Ruplal House were frequently written about in British journals, further cementing its place in Dhaka's history. However, after the partition of India in 1947, the Das family left Dhaka for Kolkata, and Ruplal House began a slow decline. In 1962, Siddick Jamall acquired the house through a formal deed of exchange. Over time, the mansion was encroached upon by commercial activities and unauthorized squatters, leading to significant damage and alteration of its original structure. Today, the ground floor is occupied by spice and vegetable vendors, while parts of the building are used as residential and commercial spaces. Despite its current dilapidated state, Ruplal House was listed as a heritage site in 1989 by the Department of Archaeology. However, restoration efforts have been hampered by various challenges, including disputes over ownership and the presence of illegal occupants. The mansion remains largely inaccessible to tourists, hidden behind a maze of tin-shed establishments. Despite the challenges, there is renewed interest in preserving Ruplal House as a vital part of Dhaka's heritage. Recent initiatives by the Dhaka South City Corporation (DSCC) and other organizations aim to conserve and restore the mansion, recognizing its historical and architectural significance. The sustainable revitalization of Ruplal House could not only preserve a valuable piece of Dhaka's past but also contribute to the economic and social well-being of the surrounding community. Visiting Ruplal House today offers a poignant glimpse into a bygone era. While the mansion's former glory may be faded, its imposing facade and intricate details still evoke a sense of grandeur and elegance. Exploring the grounds, one can imagine the lavish balls, cultural events, and vibrant riverfront life that once defined this iconic landmark. Ruplal House stands as a reminder of Dhaka's rich history and the importance of preserving its architectural treasures for future generations. It serves as a testament to the city's diverse cultural influences and the enduring legacy of its merchant class.