Founding of Dover
Dover, the capital city of Delaware, was founded in 1683 by William Penn. As part of Penn's efforts to establish organized governance in the region, Dover was laid out as a townsite. Its central location within the state made it a prime spot for government activities and trade.
Dover as the State Capital
In 1777, Dover was designated as the capital of Delaware, a strategic move during the American Revolutionary War. The decision to relocate the capital from New Castle to Dover was driven by its central location and safer inland position, providing protection from British naval attacks.
The Golden Fleece Tavern and Delaware's First Statehood
On December 7, 1787, Delaware became the first state to ratify the U.S. Constitution. This historic event took place at the Golden Fleece Tavern in Dover. The tavern served as a meeting place for legislators and played a crucial role in Delaware's early statehood.
Dover During the Civil War
During the Civil War, Dover, like much of Delaware, was a border area with mixed loyalties. Though Delaware remained a Union state, there were significant pro-Confederate sentiments. Dover's strategic position meant it was a site of various military and supply activities.
Establishment of Dover Air Force Base
In 1941, Dover Air Force Base was established, transforming the area into a significant military hub. The base played vital roles during World War II, the Korean War, and continues to be an important installation for the U.S. Air Force, contributing to both the local economy and national defense.
Historic Downtown Dover
Historic Downtown Dover is rich with preserved architecture and landmarks dating back to the 18th and 19th centuries. The Green, a public square laid out in 1717, remains a focal point for community events and historical reenactments, reflecting the town's colonial heritage.
The Johnson Victrola Museum
The Johnson Victrola Museum, located in Dover, celebrates the life and achievements of Eldridge Reeves Johnson, founder of the Victor Talking Machine Company. The museum showcases early phonographs and memorabilia, highlighting Dover's contribution to the music industry.
Dover's Role in the Civil Rights Movement
Dover played a role in the Civil Rights Movement, with notable events such as the desegregation of public schools following the Brown v. Board of Education decision in 1954. Local activists and community leaders in Dover worked towards achieving equality and justice, shaping the town’s social landscape.
The Delaware State Fair
Since 1920, the Delaware State Fair has been held annually in Harrington, near Dover. This event showcases the agricultural heritage of the region, featuring livestock exhibits, horticultural displays, and a variety of entertainment options, making it a significant cultural event in Dover's calendar.
Dover International Speedway
Dover International Speedway, also known as the 'Monster Mile,' opened in 1969 and has since become a premier destination for NASCAR fans. The speedway hosts several major racing events each year, drawing large crowds and contributing to Dover's reputation as a motorsport hub.