Marksburg Castle: A Timeless Rhine Fortress

Marksburg Castle, also known as Burg Braubach, is a magnificent medieval fortress that towers over the town of Braubach in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Rising from a cone-shaped hill on the right bank of the Rhine River, this imposing structure has stood guard for over 800 years, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. Marksburg holds the distinction of being the only hilltop castle on the Middle Rhine to have escaped destruction or ruin, providing visitors with an unparalleled glimpse into the architecture and life of the Middle Ages. The castle's origins trace back to the 12th century when the Eppstein family, a powerful local dynasty, constructed a stone keep around 1100. This keep was expanded into a full-fledged castle around 1117 to protect Braubach and control the lucrative Rhine River trade. The castle is first mentioned in historical documents dating back to 1231. The Eppsteins were influential figures in the region, with several members serving as archbishops in Mainz and Trier. In 1283, the castle passed into the hands of Count Eberhard of Katzenelnbogen through marriage. The Katzenelnbogen family significantly expanded and rebuilt the castle throughout the 14th and 15th centuries, adding the Gothic elements that define its imposing appearance today. The castle remained in their possession until 1479. With the death of Count Phillip the Elder in 1479, the castle was transferred to the Landgraves of Hesse. They further fortified Marksburg, adding artillery batteries and ramparts to enhance its defenses. These additions may have contributed to the castle's survival during the Thirty Years' War when many other Rhine castles were attacked and damaged. Over the centuries, Marksburg served various purposes, including a home for invalids, a prison, and a barracks for the Prussian army. Despite some additions in the 17th and 18th centuries, the castle retained its medieval character. In 1900, the German Castles Association (Deutsche Burgenvereinigung) purchased the deteriorating castle for a symbolic price. This organization has since been dedicated to the preservation of German castles, undertaking significant renovations to restore Marksburg to its former glory. Today, Marksburg Castle serves as the headquarters of the German Castles Association. Visiting Marksburg is an immersive experience that transports you back to the Middle Ages. Access to the castle is only available through guided tours, which typically last around 50 minutes. Knowledgeable guides lead visitors through the castle's various sections, recounting its rich history and providing insights into medieval life. Although most tours are in German, English-language tours are available during the summer season. Alternatively, visitors can join a German tour and follow along with an English-language guide sheet. The tour begins at the drawbridge gate and continues through a series of defensive structures, including the Fox Gate and Notches Gate. The path ascends to a covered entrance with steps carved into the slate floor, intentionally roughened to prevent horses from slipping. The courtyard showcases the Great Battery, which houses cannons overlooking the Rhine. The castle also features a chapel dedicated to Saint Mark, a dungeon with medieval torture devices, and an armory displaying weapons and armor from different periods. The Romanesque residential apartments offer a glimpse into the living conditions of the castle's inhabitants, with furniture showcasing the simple yet comfortable lifestyle. The castle garden cultivates around 150 species of plants known to have grown in the area during medieval times, including medicinal and poisonous varieties. The wine cellar displays a 17th-century German wine cellar, while the castle kitchen, located on the ground floor of the Gothic Hall Building, dates back to 1435. Marksburg Castle is not only a historical monument but also a cultural hub, hosting events and medieval festivals throughout the year. Its well-preserved state and strategic location make it a significant landmark in the Rhine Gorge UNESCO World Heritage Site. The castle's enduring appeal has inspired artists and writers, contributing to the romantic image of the Rhine Valley. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an architecture lover, or simply seeking a unique day trip, Marksburg Castle offers an unforgettable journey into Germany's past. While visiting Marksburg, take the opportunity to explore the charming town of Braubach below. With its picturesque half-timbered houses and quiet atmosphere, Braubach offers a delightful contrast to the imposing castle above. Philippsburg Palace, located at the south end of Braubach, is another notable attraction, built in the 16th century as a residence. Marksburg Castle stands as a testament to the enduring power and beauty of medieval architecture, inviting visitors to step back in time and experience the rich history of the Rhine Valley.