Plaza de España: A Historical Heart in Hagåtña

Plaza de España, located in the heart of Hagåtña, Guam, is a poignant reminder of the island's layered history. This plaza was once the site of the Spanish Governor's Palace, serving as the center of colonial administration from 1734 until World War II. The palace itself was constructed in 1736 and initially called the Plaza de Magalahes before being renamed Plaza de España.While much of the original complex was destroyed during the bombardment of Hagåtña in 1944, several structures have survived or been restored, offering visitors a tangible connection to Guam's Spanish colonial past. Among these are the three-arch gate to the Almacen (Arsenal), the Azotea (back porch), and the Chocolate House. The Chocolate House, also called the Garden House, is where the governor entertained guests. The Azotea, an open-air terrace, had a clay tile roof added after the war.Over the centuries, the Plaza de España has witnessed significant events in Guam's history. In 1898, after the Spanish-American War, Guam became a U.S. territory, and the plaza served as the headquarters for the American administration and the residence of the Naval Governor. In December 1941, Guam's Governor surrendered the island to the Japanese at the Plaza. Today, the Plaza de España continues to be a place for social and civic functions, including the inauguration of Guam's Governor.