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Vandalia Statehouse: Illinois' Oldest Capitol

Explore Illinois' political roots at the Vandalia Statehouse, where Abraham Lincoln began his career in this historic Federal-style capitol.

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Step back in time at the Vandalia Statehouse, Illinois' oldest surviving capitol building. From 1836 to 1839, this Federal-style building served as the state's center of government, witnessing debates and decisions that shaped Illinois. Explore the meticulously restored chambers where Abraham Lincoln began his political career.

A brief summary to Vandalia Statehouse State Historic Site

Local tips

  • Check the schedule for special events like the Grand Levee Festival in June or the Christmas Open House in December for a unique experience.
  • Take time to explore the grounds and see the Madonna of the Trail statue, a monument to pioneer women.
  • Visit nearby Lincoln Park, across from the Statehouse, which features a life-sized statue of Abraham Lincoln.
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Getting There

  • Walking

    The Vandalia Statehouse is located in downtown Vandalia, easily accessible on foot from nearby attractions and businesses. From Lincoln Park, cross Gallatin Street to reach the Statehouse entrance. The Madonna of the Trail statue is located on the southwest corner of the Statehouse grounds. Admission to the Statehouse is free.

  • Public Transport

    Vandalia has a public transit system operated by the Illinois Department of Transportation, with bus routes covering shopping centers, businesses, and schools. From any bus stop in Vandalia, follow the routes to the downtown area. From there, the Statehouse is a short walk. A one-way trip costs around $3.

  • Driving

    The Vandalia Statehouse is located at 315 W Gallatin St, Vandalia, IL 62471. Street parking is available around the Statehouse, with an accessible parking space on the west side of the building on 4th Street. Parking is free. From I-70, take exit 61 for US-51 toward Vandalia. Follow US-51 into town, then turn onto Gallatin Street. The Statehouse will be on your left.

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Discover more about Vandalia Statehouse State Historic Site

The Vandalia Statehouse stands as a monument to Illinois' early years and political development. Built in 1836, it served as the fourth capitol building of Illinois and is the oldest to survive. The previous capitols, one in Kaskaskia and two others in Vandalia, have all disappeared. For a brief period, Vandalia was the center of Illinois government, and this Statehouse was the stage for crucial decisions. In 1837, legislators, including a young Abraham Lincoln, debated the controversial move of the capital to Springfield. Though Vandalia's time as the capital was short, the building remains a tangible link to the state's formative era. The building itself is a fine example of Federal-style architecture. Its painted brick exterior, tall windows, and symmetrical design reflect the aesthetic of the 1830s. Inside, visitors can explore the restored House and Senate chambers, the Supreme Court, and various offices, gaining insight into the workings of early Illinois government. Exhibits throughout the building display documents and artifacts from the period, further enriching the experience. Visitors can take guided tours or explore the building at their own pace. The grounds of the Statehouse are also noteworthy. The square is landscaped with trees, and a large statue, the "Madonna of the Trail," stands on the southwest corner, commemorating Vandalia as the official terminus of the National Road.

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