Red Fort Travel Guide

The Red Fort, also known as Lal Qila, stands as a majestic reminder of Mughal power and artistic achievement in Delhi. Commissioned by Emperor Shah Jahan on May 12, 1639, the fort's construction followed his decision to move the Mughal capital from Agra to Delhi. The Red Fort, with its red sandstone walls, served as the palace for Shahjahanabad, the Emperor's new capital. Construction began in 1638 and was completed on April 6, 1648. Ustad Ahmad Lahori, also credited with designing the Taj Mahal, is believed to be the fort's architect.For nearly 200 years, the Red Fort was the heart of the Mughal Empire. The fort's design represents a fusion of Islamic, Persian, Timurid, and Hindu traditions. The fort complex includes the Salimgarh Fort, built in 1546 by Islam Shah Suri. The Red Fort has two main gates: the Lahori Gate, the main entrance, and the Delhi Gate. The Lahori Gate leads to Chhatta Chowk, a covered bazaar. Key structures within the fort include the Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of Public Audiences), Diwan-i-Khas (Hall of Private Audiences), and the Rang Mahal (Palace of Colors). A water channel, the Nahr-i-Bihisht (Stream of Paradise), once flowed through the Rang Mahal.The Red Fort has witnessed critical events in Indian history. In 1739, Nadir Shah plundered the fort, taking away artwork and jewels. After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British demolished many marble structures and repurposed the fort as a military garrison. On August 15, 1947, Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, hoisted the Indian flag above the Lahori Gate. Every year on Independence Day (August 15th), the Prime Minister raises the national flag at the Red Fort and addresses the nation. The Red Fort is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a major tourist destination.