Mulu National Park: The Heart of Borneo's Wilderness

• HelloSelamat pagi
  [suh-lah-maht pah-ghee]
• GoodbyeSelamat tinggal
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• YesYa
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• NoTidak
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• Please/You're welcomeSila
  [see-lah]
• Thank youTerima kasih
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• Excuse me/SorryMaaf
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• How are you?Apa khabar?
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• Fine. And you?Baik. Dan awak?
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• Do you speak English?Boleh cakap Bahasa Inggeris?
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• I don't understandSaya tidak faham
  [sah-yah tee-dahk fah-hahm]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseBoleh saya lihat menu, sila
  [boh-leh sah-yah lee-haht meh-noo, see-lah]
• I don't eat meatSaya tidak makan daging
  [sah-yah tee-dahk mah-kahn dah-yihng]
• Cheers!Sihat!
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• I would like to pay, pleaseSaya hendak bayar, sila
  [sah-yah hehn-dahk bah-yahr, see-lah]

• Help!Tolong!
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• Go away!Pergi jauh-jauh!
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• Call the Police!Panggil polis!
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• Call a doctor!Panggil doktor!
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• I'm lostSaya sesat
  [sah-yah suh-saht]
• I'm illSaya sakit
  [sah-yah sah-keet]

• I'd like to buy...Saya hendak membeli...
  [sah-yah hehn-dahk mehm-beh-lee]
• I'm just lookingSaya hanya tengok-tengok
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• How much is it?Berapa harganya?
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• That's too expensiveItu terlalu mahal
  [ee-too tuhr-lah-loo mah-hahl]
• Can you lower the price?Boleh kurangkan harga?
  [boh-leh koo-rahn-gahn hahr-gah]

• What time is it?Pukul berapa sekarang?
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• It's one o'clockPukul satu
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• Half past (10)Pukul setengah (sepuluh)
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• MorningPagi
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• AfternoonPetang
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• EveningMalam
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• YesterdaySemalam
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• TodayHari ini
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• TomorrowEsok
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• 1Satu
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• 2Dua
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• 3Tiga
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• 4Empat
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• 5Lima
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• 6Enam
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• 7Tujuh
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• 8Lapan
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• 9Sembilan
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• 10Sepuluh
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• Where's a/the...?Di mana...
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• What's the address?Apa alamatnya?
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• Can you show me (on the map)?Boleh tunjukkan pada saya (di peta)?
  [boh-leh toon-jook-kahn pah-dah sah-yah (dee peh-tah)]
• When's the next (bus)?Bila bas seterusnya?
  [bee-lah bahs suh-teh-roos-n-yah]
• A ticket (to ....)Satu tiket (ke ....)
  [sah-too tee-keht (keh ....)]

Mulu National Park is renowned for its extensive cave systems, which began forming over 5 million years ago. The caves were created by the dissolution of limestone by acidic rainwater, leading to the spectacular formations we see today. The park’s most famous cave, the Sarawak Chamber, is one of the largest known cave chambers in the world.

In 1977, the Royal Geographical Society (RGS) embarked on a major expedition to explore the caves of Mulu. This expedition, known as the Mulu 1978 Expedition, brought international attention to the park and uncovered numerous caves, including the Clearwater Cave and the Deer Cave. The expedition’s findings were instrumental in the designation of Mulu as a national park.

The Penan and Berawan people have lived in the Mulu area for centuries. These indigenous communities have a rich cultural heritage and deep knowledge of the local environment. Their traditional practices, such as hunting, gathering, and shifting cultivation, are integral to the region's history. The Penan, in particular, are known for their nomadic lifestyle and their profound understanding of the rainforest.

In 2000, Mulu National Park was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its outstanding universal value. The park was recognized for its exceptional natural beauty, its geological significance, and its biodiversity. The designation has helped to protect the park's unique ecosystems and promote sustainable tourism in the region.

Since the late 20th century, Mulu National Park has become a key destination for eco-tourism. The park offers a range of activities, from guided tours of its caves to treks through its pristine rainforest. Eco-tourism has played a crucial role in supporting the local economy and funding conservation efforts. The park’s management has focused on minimizing the impact of tourism on the environment while providing educational and immersive experiences for visitors.

Ongoing research and conservation efforts are central to the management of Mulu National Park. Scientists from around the world continue to study the park’s unique flora and fauna, as well as its geological formations. Conservation programs aim to preserve the park's biodiversity and protect endangered species. Collaborative efforts with indigenous communities are also crucial in ensuring the sustainable use of the park’s resources.

Mulu National Park is located in the Malaysian state of Sarawak on the island of Borneo. The nearest airport is Mulu Airport (MZV), which has flights connecting from Miri, Kuching, and Kota Kinabalu. From Miri, the flight takes about 30 minutes. Alternatively, you can take a riverboat from Marudi to Mulu, though this journey is longer and less commonly used.

Once in Mulu National Park, transportation is primarily on foot or by boat, as the park's terrain is rugged and most areas are only accessible via jungle trails or rivers. The park headquarters offer boat services to various caves and trails within the park. Local guides are available for hire and are highly recommended for navigating the more challenging areas.

The official currency in Malaysia is the Malaysian Ringgit (MYR). It is advisable to carry sufficient cash when visiting Mulu National Park, as there are no ATMs within the park itself. Some lodges and the park headquarters may accept credit cards, but this is not guaranteed. Ensure you exchange enough currency or withdraw cash in Miri or another major city before arriving.

Mulu National Park is generally safe for tourists. However, it is important to take standard precautions such as not leaving valuables unattended and staying aware of your surroundings. The park does not have areas with high crime rates targeting tourists, but it is always good practice to travel in groups and avoid isolated areas after dark. Be cautious of the natural environment, particularly in terms of wildlife and terrain.

In case of an emergency, contact the park headquarters immediately. They are equipped to handle various emergencies and can coordinate rescue operations if needed. It is highly recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies and evacuation. The nearest hospital is in Miri, so serious medical issues will necessitate transportation to the city. Always carry a basic first aid kit and be familiar with basic first aid procedures.

Fashion: Do wear lightweight, breathable clothing suitable for tropical climates. Sturdy hiking boots are essential for trekking. Avoid wearing flashy jewelry or expensive items. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions. When visiting local villages, dress modestly and ask for permission before taking photographs of people or religious sites. Public Transport: Do be patient and courteous when using local boat services. Punctuality is not always strictly observed. Greetings: Do greet people with a smile and a nod. Handshakes are common, but always use your right hand. Eating & Drinking: Do try local dishes and be respectful of communal eating practices. Avoid wasting food, as this is considered disrespectful.

To experience Mulu National Park like a local, take part in guided tours led by local indigenous guides. They have a wealth of knowledge about the park's flora, fauna, and history. Visit the nearby Penan village to learn about the traditional lifestyle and crafts. Engage with park rangers and staff, who can offer insights into the best times to visit specific caves or trails. Don't miss the evening bat exodus from Deer Cave, a spectacular natural event.