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Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião: A Window to Brazil's Prehistory

Explore Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião in Serra da Capivara National Park: a journey into Brazil's ancient past.

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Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião is a significant paleontological site within the Serra da Capivara National Park in Piauí, Brazil, offering a glimpse into the region's rich Pleistocene fauna and early human occupation.

A brief summary to Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião

Local tips

  • Wear comfortable shoes suitable for walking on uneven terrain, as exploring the site involves some hiking.
  • Bring water and sun protection, as the area can be hot and dry.
  • Hire a local guide for a more in-depth understanding of the site's history and significance.
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Getting There

  • Car

    Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião is located near Coronel José Dias in the state of Piauí. From Teresina, the capital of Piauí, the most practical way to reach Coronel José Dias is by car. The drive covers approximately 515 km and takes around 7.5 hours. Roads are not always well-maintained. Once in Coronel José Dias, follow local signs to Serra da Capivara National Park and Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião. The final approach may involve driving on unpaved roads.

  • Public Transport

    While there are no direct bus routes to Coronel José Dias , you can take a bus from Teresina to Canto do Buriti. From Canto do Buriti, hire a taxi to Coronel José Dias. The bus journey to Canto do Buriti takes approximately 6 hours. The taxi ride from Canto do Buriti to Coronel José Dias can take another 1-2 hours. Upon arrival in Coronel José Dias, follow local signs to Serra da Capivara National Park and Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião. The final approach may involve unpaved roads. Expect to pay around R$460-R$600 for the combined bus and taxi trip.

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Discover more about Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião

Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião, located in the state of Piauí, is a key archaeological and paleontological site within the Serra da Capivara National Park. This area, characterized by its unique karst formations, holds a wealth of information about the prehistory of Brazil. The site's name translates to "Window Rock Shelter of Barra do Antonião." Excavations at Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião have revealed a rich collection of Pleistocene fauna, including remains of extinct megafauna, as well as evidence of early human presence, such as human burial sites, rock paintings, and lithic material. The analysis of these findings contributes significantly to understanding Brazil's natural history and the evolution of its environment. The cave is located within a relatively small karst area in southeastern Piauí, which contains numerous caves holding archaeological, paleontological, and paleoclimatic evidence. Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião stands out as the most important site in this karst region. The discoveries made here help researchers understand the environment inhabited by early South Americans. The site also provides insights into the lifestyles of these early populations. The Serra da Capivara National Park, where Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião is located, protects over 400 archaeological and paleontological sites. The park lies within a diverse physical environment, featuring canyons and cliffs, and the semi-arid 'caatinga' vegetation. The park has been a site of ongoing research since the 1970s, led by Niède Guidon and her team.

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